Skip to main content
Log in

Treatment in elderly patients with head and neck cancer

A challenging dilemma

Behandlung der Patienten mit einem Kopf-Hals-Karzinom im fortgeschrittenen Lebensalter

Ein herausforderndes Dilemma

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
HNO Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Despite the increasing number of elderly patients requiring treatment for head and neck cancer, there is insufficient available evidence about the oncological results of treatment and its tolerability in such patients. Owing to comorbidities, elderly patients often need complex evaluation and pretreatment management, which often results in their exclusion from clinical trials. The question of which patients constitute the highest-risk groups regarding treatment-related morbidity and mortality, and who can tolerate and benefit from aggressive treatment, has not been adequately studied. Biologic rather than chronologic age should be a more important factor in treatment protocols. Age-specific prospective clinical studies are needed on the treatment of head and neck cancer in elderly patients.

Zusammenfassung

Trotz zunehmender Häufigkeit der „älteren“ Patienten mit Karzinomen im Kopf-Hals-Bereich ist insgesamt wenig über die onkologischen Resultate und Verträglichkeit der Therapie bei diesen Patienten bekannt. In klinischen Studien stellt fortgeschrittenes Lebensalter oft ein Ausschlusskriterium dar, weil für ältere Patienten aufgrund ihrer Komorbiditäten häufig eine aufwendigere Untersuchung und prätherapeutische Versorgung benötigt werden. Die Fragen, welche Patienten das höchste Risiko bezüglich therapiebedingter Morbidität und Mortalität aufweisen und welche Patienten von einer aggressiven Therapie profitieren und diese vertragen, sind nicht adäquat untersucht worden. Für Therapieentscheidungen sollte eher das biologische Alter als das chronologische Alter Berücksichtigung finden. Altersspezifische prospektive klinische Studien zur Behandlung von Patienten mit einem Kopf-Hals-Karzinom im fortgeschrittenen Lebensalter sind erforderlich.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. National Cancer Institute Surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program. http://www.seer.cancer.gov. Zugegriffen: 22.02.2016

  2. Teymoortash A, Wulf H, Werner JA (2002) Head and neck cancer surgery in the elderly. Laryngorhinootologie 81:293–298

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Muir CS, Fraumeni JF, Doll R (1994) The interpretation of time trends. Cancer Surv 19:5–21

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Bras L, Peters TT, Wedman J, Plaat BE, Witjes MJ, van Leeuwen BL, van der Laan BF, Halmos GB (2015) Predictive value of the Groningen Frailty Indicator for treatment outcomes in elderly patients after head and neck, or skin cancer surgery in a retrospective cohort. Clin Otolaryngol 40:474–482

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. van der Schroeff MP, Derks W, Hordijk GJ, de Leeuw RJ (2007) The effect of age on survival and quality of life in elderly head and neck cancer patients: a long-term prospective study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 264:415–422

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Derks W, de Leeuw RJ, Hordijk GJ (2005) Elderly patients with head and neck cancer: the influence of comorbidity on choice of therapy, complication rate, and survival. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 13:92–96

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Derks W, de Leeuw JR, Hordijk GJ, Winnubst JA (2005) Reasons for non-standard treatment in elderly patients with advanced head and neck cancer. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 262:21–26

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Sanabria A, Carvalho AL, Vartanian JG, Magrin J, Ikeda MK, Kowalski LP (2007) Factors that influence treatment decision in older patients with resectable head and neck cancer. Laryngoscope 117:835–840

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Derks W, de Leeuw RJ, Hordijk GJ, Winnubst JA (2004) Quality of life in elderly patients with head and neck cancer one year after diagnosis. Head Neck 26:1045–1052

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. VanderWalde NA, Fleming M, Weiss J, Chera BS (2013) Treatment of older patients with head and neck cancer: a review. Oncologist 18:568–578

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Kemeny MM, Peterson BL, Kornblith AB, Muss HB, Wheeler J, Levine E, Bartlett N, Fleming G, Cohen HJ (2003) Barriers to clinical trial participation by older women with breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 21:2268–2275

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Fang QG, Shi S, Li M, Zhang X, Liu FY, Sun CF (2014) Free flap reconstruction versus non-free flap reconstruction in treating elderly patients with advanced oral cancer. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 72:1420–1424

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Spyropoulou GA, Jeng SF, Hsieh CH, Tsimponis A, Shih HS (2014) Microsurgical reconstruction for head and neck cancer in elderly patients. J Reconstr Microsurg 30:91–96

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Peters TT, van Dijk BA, Roodenburg JL, van der Laan BF, Halmos GB (2014) Relation between age, comorbidity, and complications in patients undergoing major surgery for head and neck cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 21:963–970

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Teymoortash A, Kunzmann J, Daniel H, Franke N, Werner JA, Hoch S (2014) Clinical aspects of transoral laser surgery and neck dissection for oro- and hypopharyngeal cancer in elderly patients. HNO 62:342–349

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Peters TT, van Dijk BA, Roodenburg JL, van der Laan BF, Halmos GB (2014) Relation between age, comorbidity, and complications in patients undergoing major surgery for head and neck cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 21:963–970

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Borggreven PA, Kuik DJ, Quak JJ, de Bree R, Snow GB, Leemans CR (2003) Comorbid condition as a prognostic factor for complications in major surgery of the oral cavity and oropharynx with microvascular soft tissue reconstruction. Head Neck 25:808–815

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Peters TT, van der Laan BF, Plaat BE, Wedman J, Langendijk JA, Halmos GB (2011) The impact of comorbidity on treatment-related side effects in older patients with laryngeal cancer. Oral Oncol 47:56–561

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Pignon T, Horiot JC, van den Bogaert W, van Glabbeke M, Scalliet P (1996) No age limit for radical radiotherapy in head and neck tumours. Eur J Cancer 32:2075–2081

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Huang SH, O’Sullivan B, Waldron J, Lockwood G, Bayley A, Kim J, Cummings B, Dawson LA, Hope A, Cho J, Witterick I, Chen EX, Ringash J (2011) Patterns of care in elderly head-and-neck cancer radiation oncology patients: a single-center cohort study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 79:46–51

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Bourhis J, Overgaard J, Audry H, Ang KK, Saunders M, Bernier J, Horiot JC, le Maître A, Pajak TF, Poulsen MG, O’Sullivan B, Dobrowsky W, Hliniak A, Skladowski K, Hay JH, Pinto LH, Fallai C, Fu KK, Sylvester R, Pignon JP (2006) Meta-analysis of radiotherapy in carcinomas of head and neck (MaRCH) collaborative group. Hyperfractionated or accelerated radiotherapy in head and neck cancer: a meta-analysis. Lancet 368:843–854

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Maillard JP, le Maître A, Maillard E, Bourhis J, MACH-NC Collaborative Group (2009) Meta-analysis of chemotherapy in head and neck cancer (MACH-NC): an update on 93 randomised trials and 17,346 patients. Radiother Oncol 92:4–14

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Bonner JA, Harari PM, Giralt J, Cohen RB, Jones CU, Sur RK, Raben D, Baselga J, Spencer SA, Zhu J, Youssoufian H, Rowinsky EK, Ang KK (2010) Radiotherapy plus cetuximab for locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer: 5‑year survival data from a phase 3 randomised trial, and relation between cetuximab-induced rash and survival. Lancet Oncol 11:21–22

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Vermorken JB, Mesia R, Rivera F, Remenar E, Kawecki A, Rottey S, Erfan J, Zabolotnyy D, Kienzer HR, Cupissol D, Peyrade F, Benasso M, Vynnychenko I, de Raucourt D, Bokemeyer C, Schueler A, Amellal N, Hitt R (2008) Platinum-based chemotherapy plus cetuximab in head and neck cancer. N Engl J Med 359:1116–1127

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Teymoortash A, Halmos GB, Silver CE, Strojan P, Haigentz M Jr, Rinaldo A, Ferlito A (2014) On the need for comprehensive assessment of impact of comorbidity in elderly patients with head and neck cancer. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 271:2597–2600

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Teymoortash.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

A. Teymoortash, A. Ferlito, and G. B. Halmos state that there are no conflicts of interest.

The accompanying manuscript does not include studies on humans or animals.

Additional information

The authors of this article are members of the International Head and Neck Scientific Group (www.IHNSG.com).

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Teymoortash, A., Ferlito, A. & Halmos, G.B. Treatment in elderly patients with head and neck cancer. HNO 64, 217–220 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-016-0138-6

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-016-0138-6

Keywords

Schlüsselwörter

Navigation