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Laserbehandlung von Pigmentstörungen

Laser treatment of pigmentation disorders

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Zusammenfassung

Pigmentstörungen gehören zu den häufigsten Hautveränderungen und kommen bei bis zu 60 % aller Menschen vor. Sie können genetisch bedingt oder erworben, funktionell oder kosmetisch störend und Ausdruck von Erkrankungen sein. Die beste Behandlungsoption für Hyperpigmentierungen stellen in der Regel Laser und IPLs („intense pulsed light“) dar. Sie können aber auch manche Zustände verschlechtern und gelegentlich Nebenwirkungen verursachen. Notwendig ist daher eine korrekte Diagnose unter Berücksichtigung des Hauttyps, der Art des Pigmentes und der Frage, wie tief das Pigment in der Haut lokalisiert ist. Zu den am häufigsten nachgefragten Indikationen für eine Laserbehandlung zählen genetisch veranlagte Nävi (Becker, Ota, Hora, Ito, ABNOM [„acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules“]), Pigmentierungen (wie Lentigines, postinflammatorische, Epheliden, Café au lait, Naevus spilus, lineare und figurierte Hypermelanosen [LWNH]), Nävuszellnävi, exogene Pigmente, Tattoos und kosmetisch bedingte Pigmente.

Abstract

Pigmentation disorders are among the most common cutaneous changes and occur in up to 60% of all people. They can be genetic or acquired, functionally or cosmetically disturbing, or the expression of a medical disorder. The best treatment options for hyperpigmentation are usually lasers and intense pulsed light (IPL). However, they can also worsen some conditions and are occasionally associated with side effects. A correct diagnosis is therefore essential, taking into account the skin type, the type of pigmentation and how deep the pigmentation is located in the skin. The most common indications for which laser treatment is recommended include genetically predisposed nevi (Becker, Ota, Hora, Ito, acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules [ABNOM]), pigmentation (e.g., lentigines, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, ephelides, café au lait, nevus spilus, linear and whorled hypermelanosis [LWNH]), nevus cell nevi, exogenous pigments, tattoos and cosmetic pigments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hautärzte- und Laserzentrum Landau (Pfalz), Reduitstr. 13, 76829, Landau, Deutschland

    Klaus Fritz

  2. Abteilung für pädiatrische Dermatologie, Colentina-Krankenhaus, Bukarest, Rumänien

    Carmen Salavastru

  3. Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Universität Carol Davila, Bukarest, Rumänien

    Klaus Fritz & Carmen Salavastru

  4. Dermatologie, Colentina-Krankenhaus, Bukarest, Rumänien

    Carmen Salavastru

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  1. Klaus Fritz
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Correspondence to Klaus Fritz.

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Interessenkonflikt

K. Fritz und C. Salavastru geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien. Für Bildmaterial oder anderweitige Angaben innerhalb des Manuskripts, über die Patienten zu identifizieren sind, liegt von ihnen und/oder ihren gesetzlichen Vertretern eine schriftliche Einwilligung vor.

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Fritz, K., Salavastru, C. Laserbehandlung von Pigmentstörungen. Hautarzt 71, 920–925 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-020-04716-x

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