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Ileus aus chirurgischer Sicht

Differenzialdiagnose und therapeutische Konsequenzen

Surgical treatment of ileus

Differential diagnosis and therapeutic results

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Zusammenfassung

Der Ileus stellt aus chirurgischer Sicht auch heutzutage eine diagnostische und therapeutische Herausforderung dar. Trotz moderner apparativer Untersuchungsverfahren, bleibt die Frage, ob und wann eine Operation erforderlich ist, häufig eine schwierige Entscheidung, die vorwiegend klinisch getroffen werden sollte. Zusätzlich ist die Frage von zentraler Bedeutung, welche Operation dem Patienten zugemutet werden kann, da das Spektrum der operativen Eingriffe von einer einfachen Bridenlösung, die laparoskopisch möglich ist, bis zu einer technisch anspruchvollen Adhäsiolyse bei Peritonealkarzinose bzw. von einer Stomaanlage bis zu einer ausgedehnten Resektion reicht. Diese Aspekte sind von erheblicher Relevanz, da ein gutes Behandlungsergebnis nur dann erzielt wird, wenn nicht nur der Eingriff technisch korrekt erfolgt, sondern auch die Indikation zur Operation bezüglich Zeitpunkt und Verfahren optimal ist.

Abstract

Intestinal obstruction and ileus continue to represent a surgical challenge, regarding diagnosis and treatment. The decision when to operate is often difficult and should be based primarily on the clinical impression, although modern diagnostic tests are very helpful. Additionally, it is crucial to choose an operation that the patient can tolerate, as the spectrum of surgical interventions ranges from the taking-down of a single adhesion, that may be done laparoscopically, to sophisticated lysis of the intestine in patients with metastastic cancer in the peritoneal cavity, and simple diversion to extensive resections. These aspects are highly relevant, as good outcome can only be expected when the operation is performed correctly and optimal timing and appropriate choice of procedure are ensured.

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Kreis, M.E., Jauch, K.W. Ileus aus chirurgischer Sicht. Chirurg 77, 883–888 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-006-1233-0

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