Zusammenfassung
Humane embryonale Stammzellen (hES-Zellen) sind in der Lage, sämtliche Gewebe des Körpers zu bilden, und stellen damit ein attraktives Ausgangsmaterial für zukünftige zelltherapeutische Ansätze dar. Dem möglichen Problem der Abstoßung der aus diesen Zellen generierten und transplantierten Gewebe durch das Immunsystem des behandelten Patienten könnte durch die Herstellung patientenspezifischer hES-Zellen begegnet werden. Zur Erzeugung solcher Zellen müssten die Kerne körpereigener, bereits ausdifferenzierter Zellen in einen frühen embryonalen Zustand zurückversetzt, d. h. reprogrammiert werden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag sollen die verschiedenen Strategien zur Reprogrammierung von Körperzellen in embryonale Stammzellen besprochen und bewertet sowie Hintergrundsinformationen zum Verständnis dieser Technologie gegeben werden.
Abstract
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are capable of generating all cell types and tissues of the body. As such they represent an attractive source for therapeutic approaches. However, transplanted cells may be rejected by the immune system. One way to address this problem is to generate patient-specific ES cells. This, however, requires the transformation of the genetic program of somatic cells back to that of an early embryonic state. The field of stem cell research and reprogramming is rapidly evolving. This article aims at providing background information to understand some of the most exciting recent developments. Subsequently, the different existing strategies of converting somatic cells into ES-like cells are reviewed and evaluated.
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Open Access This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0 ), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
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Greber, B., Schöler, H. Durchbruch in der Stammzellforschung?. Bundesgesundheitsbl. 51, 1005–1013 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-008-0628-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-008-0628-0