Zusammenfassung
Aktuelle epidemiologische und hygienisch-mikrobiologische Untersuchungen zeigen, dass dem Hausinstallationssystem in medizinischen Einrichtungen als Infektionsreservoir für nosokomiale Infektionen eine bislang erheblich unterschätzte Bedeutung zukommt. Nach Einführung spezifischer Präventionsmaßnahmen konnte das Risiko einer Übertragung relevanter nosokomialer Infektionserreger wie Legionellen und Pseudomonaden deutlich reduziert werden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Besonderheiten der Wasseranwendung in medizinischen Einrichtungen, die besondere Vulnerabilität bestimmter Patienten, die wichtigsten wasserassoziierten Erreger und deren ökologische Besonderheiten, rechtliche Aspekte und die wichtigsten Maßnahmen zur Prävention und Kontrolle behandelt.
Abstract
New epidemiological and microbiological investigations using molecular typing methods to link patient and environmental strains demonstrate a strong association between water-borne pathogens and nosocomial infections. Avoiding patient exposure to these pathogens results in a decreased incidence of water-borne nosocomial infections. There remains a tremendous potential to reduce hospital acquired infections previously viewed as inevitable and unavoidable through intervention and preventive measures. The characteristics of water application in health care facilities, the vulnerability of patients, the spectrum of relevant pathogens and their ecologic aspects, legal issues and important measures for prevention and control are discussed.
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Exner, M., Kramer, A., Kistemann, T. et al. Wasser als Infektionsquelle in medizinischen Einrichtungen, Prävention und Kontrolle. Bundesgesundheitsbl. 50, 302–311 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-007-0156-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-007-0156-3