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A validated survival score for breast cancer patients with metastatic spinal cord compression

Ein validierter Überlebensscore für Brustkrebspatientinnen mit metastatisch bedingter Rückenmarkskompression

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Abstract

Background

To create a validated scoring system predicting survival of breast cancer patients with metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC).

Patients and methods

Of 510 patients, one half were assigned to either the test or the validation group. In the test group, eight pretreatment factors (age, performance status, number of involved vertebrae, ambulatory status, other bone metastases, visceral metastases, interval from cancer diagnosis to radiotherapy of MSCC, time of developing motor deficits) plus the radiation regimen were retrospectively investigated. Factors significantly associated with survival in the multivariate analysis were included in the scoring system. The score for each factor was determined by dividing the 6-month survival rate (%) by ten. The total score was the sum of the scores for each factor.

Results

In the multivariate analysis of the test group, performance status, ambulatory status, other bone metastases, visceral metastases, interval from cancer diagnosis to radiotherapy of MSCC, and time of developing motor deficits were significant for survival and included in the score. Total scores ranged from 30 to 50 points. In the test group, the 6-month survival rates were 12% for 30–35 points, 41% for 36–40 points, 74% for 41–45 points, and 98% for 46–50 points (p< 0.0001). In the validation group, the 6-month survival rates were 14%, 46%, 77%, and 99%, respectively (p< 0.0001).

Conclusion

The survival rates of the validation group were similar to the test group. Therefore, this score was reproducible and can help when selecting the appropriate radiotherapy regimen for each patient taking into account her survival prognosis.

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, einen validierten Score zu entwickeln, mit dem das Überleben von Brustkrebspatientinnen mit metastatisch bedingter Rückenmarkskompression („metastatic spinal cord compression“, MSCC) vorausgesagt werden kann.

Patienten und Methode

Von insgesamt 510 Patientinnen wurde jeweils die Hälfte der Testgruppe oder der Validierungsgruppe zugeteilt. In der Testgruppe wurden acht prätherapeutische Faktoren (Alter, Allgemeinzustand, Zahl befallener Wirbelkörper, Gehfähigkeit, andere Knochenmetastasen, Organmetastasen, Intervall von der Erstdiagnose der Tumorerkrankung bis zur Strahlentherapie der MSCC, Entwicklungszeit motorischer Defizite) und das Fraktionierungsschema retrospektiv untersucht. Die Faktoren, die in der Multivarianzanalyse signifikant mit dem Überleben assoziiert waren, gingen in den Score ein. Der Score für jeden Faktor wurde ermittelt, indem die 6-Monats-Überlebensrate (%) durch zehn geteilt wurde. Der Prognosescore entsprach der Summe der Scores der einzelnen Faktoren.

Ergebnisse

In der multivariaten Analyse der Testgruppe waren der Allgemeinzustand, Gehfähigkeit, andere Knochenmetastasen, Organmetastasen, das Intervall von der Erstdiagnose der Tumorerkrankung bis zur Strahlentherapie der MSCC und die Entwicklungszeit motorischer Defizite signifikant mit dem Überleben assoziiert. Die Scores lagen zwischen 30 und 50 Punkten. In der Testgruppe betrugen die 6-Monats-Überlebensraten 12% bei 30–35 Punkten, 41% bei 36–40 Punkten, 74% bei 41–45 Punkten und 98% bei 46–50 Punkten (p< 0,0001). In der Validierungsgruppe betrugen die entsprechenden 6-Monats-Überlebensraten 14%, 46%, 77%, und 99% (p < 0,0001).

Schlussfolgerungen

Die Überlebensraten in der Validierungsgruppe ähnelten den Überlebensraten in der Testgruppe. Demzufolge kann der Score als reproduzierbar angesehen werden. Der Score kann dabei helfen, das am besten geeignete Bestrahlungsregime für die einzelne Patientin unter Berücksichtigung ihrer Überlebensprognose auszuwählen.

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Conflict of interest

On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states the following: Dirk Rades has received speaker’s honoraria from Amgen and Novartis Omcology.

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Correspondence to D. Rades MD.

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Rades, D., Douglas, S. & Schild, S. A validated survival score for breast cancer patients with metastatic spinal cord compression. Strahlenther Onkol 189, 41–46 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00066-012-0230-0

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