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Interleukin-1 Polymorphisms in Relation to External Apical Root Resorption (EARR)

Interleukin-1-Polymorphismen im Zusammenhang mit externen apikalen Wurzelresorptionen (EAWR)

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Abstract

Aim:

Recent papers have discussed genetic predisposition for root resorption. The aim of this study was to investigate this kind of relationship as dependent on the EARR phenotype. Alleles from IL-1A and IL-1B gene polymorphisms are discussed as genetically predisposing factors.

Material and Methods:

Orthopantomograms (OPG) exhibiting EARR (n = 96) were metrically and statistically analyzed for expression and were compared to a control group (n = 162). Additionally, the percentage of affected teeth per individual was determined. A subgroup of the EARR patient sample (n = 49) was assessed, based on blood analyses, for an association with genomic IL-1A (-889) and IL-1B (+3954) polymorphism.

Results:

In the case of the IL-1A variation, a significant difference of genotype distribution was found between EARR patients and the control group: genotype 2-2 could be seen significantly more frequently in the EARR group. Furthermore, the extent of resorption grades seemed to be influenced by the genetic constitution. The genotype distribution of the IL-1B polymorphism was comparable to the distribution in the control sample. In particular, allele 1 of the IL-1B polymorphism, which has been described as being associated with family histories of EARR, was observed less frequently in the patient cohort than in the control group.

Conclusions:

The available data of the IL-1A polymorphism point to an association of the genotype 2-2 with EARR. As analyses of individual subgroups showed, with the increase in the extent of EARR there was a recognizable correlation with genotype 2-2. The genotype distribution of the IL-1B polymorphism in patients and control cohorts revealed no indication of a predisposition. Despite the low number of cases in the own cohort, the data collected revealed that the allele 1 of the IL-1B polymorphism in patients with sporadic EARR did not contribute to predisposition, in contrast to familial cases. The results are an initial basis for pre-orthodontic genetic EARR risk analyses.

Zusammenfassung

Zielsetzung:

Aktuelle Studien diskutieren die genetische Disposition zu Wurzelresorptionen. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, solche Zusammenhänge in Abhängigkeit des EAWR-Phänotyps darzustellen. Als prädisponierende genetische Faktoren werden Allele von Polymorphismen der Gene IL-1A und IL-1B diskutiert.

Material und Methodik:

Panoramaschichtaufnahmen (PSA) mit EAWR (n = 96) wurden metrisch und statistisch hinsichtlich der Ausprägung erfasst und mit einer Kontrollgruppe (n = 162) verglichen. Zusätzlich wurden die prozentualen Anteile der betroffenen Zähne je Individuum bestimmt. Eine Subgruppe des EAWR-Patientenkollektivs (n = 49) wurde anhand von Blutanalysen im Hinblick auf eine Assoziation mit den genomischen Polymorphismen IL-1A (-889) und IL-1B (+3954) untersucht.

Ergebnisse:

Im Falle der Variante IL-1A zeigte sich ein signifikanter Unterschied in der Genotypverteilung zwischen EAWR-Patienten und Kontrollgruppe: Genotyp 2-2 war signifikant häufiger in der EAWR-Gruppe zu beobachten. Auch schien das Ausmaß des Resorptionsgrades von der genetischen Konstitution beeinflusst zu sein. Die Genotypverteilung des Polymorphismus IL-1B war mit der Verteilung in einer Kontrollpopulation vergleichbar. Insbesondere das Allel 1 des Polymorphismus IL-1B, für das in Familien mit EAWR eine Assoziation berichtet wurde, war in der Patientenkohorte weniger häufig zu beobachten als in der Kontrollgruppe.

Schlussfolgerungen:

Die vorliegenden Daten des IL-1A-Polymorphismus wiesen eine Assoziation des Genotyps 2-2 mit EAWR auf. Wie Analysen der einzelnen Subgruppen zeigten, war mit dem Anstieg des EAWR-Ausmaßes ein Zusammenhang mit Genotyp 2-2 erkennbar. Die Genotypverteilung des IL-1B-Polymorphismus in Patienten- und Kontrollkohorten ergab keinen Hinweis auf eine Prädisposition. Trotz der noch geringen Fallzahl im eigenen Kollektiv ergaben die erhobenen Daten, dass das Allel 1 des IL-1B-Polymorphismus bei sporadischen EAWR-Patienten im Gegensatz zu familiären Fällen nicht zur Prädisposition beitrug. Die Ergebnisse sind eine erste Grundlage für präorthodontische genetische EAWR-Risikoanalysen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

    Norbert Gülden, Michael Beer, Anica Meinelt & Peter Diedrich

  2. Institute of Human Genetics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

    Thomas Eggermann & Klaus Zerres

  3. Department of Orthodontics, RWTH University Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 39, 52074, Aachen, Germany

    Norbert Gülden

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  1. Norbert Gülden
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  2. Thomas Eggermann
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Correspondence to Norbert Gülden.

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Gülden, N., Eggermann, T., Zerres, K. et al. Interleukin-1 Polymorphisms in Relation to External Apical Root Resorption (EARR). J Orofac Orthop 70, 20–38 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-009-8808-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-009-8808-6

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