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Lg Q in the Indian Shield

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Abstract

We investigate regional variations in the Lg-wave quality factor (Q) in the Indian Shield with a tomographic method using the LSMR (an iterative solver of least squares algorithm) iterative solver. Vertical broadband seismograms of 223 crustal earthquakes recorded by 113 stations deployed on the Indian Shield are processed to extract the Lg amplitude spectra. The relatively large dataset with good ray coverage allows us to image the lateral variation of the crustal attenuation over the region. The tomographic inversion reveals that the Lg Q0 in the Indian Shield varies from 50 to 650, while the frequency-dependent parameter (η) varies between 0.4 and 1.1 with an average value of 0.7. The attenuation image at 1 Hz suggests the heterogeneities in the Indian crust and clearly demarcates the diverse geological regimes that were hitherto not known. Structural features such as rift, suture zones, sedimentary, and active regions are characterized by high attenuation (Q0 < 200), also associated with higher heat flow values. The cratons of the Indian Shield exhibit an average Q0 of 450, slightly lower than the global average. Broadly speaking, low Q0 (< 200) is found in the southern parts of Dharwar cratons till southern granulitic terrain, attributed to both the rock composition and higher temperature. To a large extent, the Lg-Q is anticorrelated with bulk crustal thickness, bulk Vp/Vs, and surface heat flow, implying that the thicker and intermediate-to-mafic crust has higher attenuation. Our results also suggest that the attenuation scenario of the Indian Shield is more sensitive to temperature than composition.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. V. M. Tiwari, Director, NGRI, for his kind permission to publish the paper. K.S.R. is an Inspire Fellow supported by the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India. Seismic data for the Indian stations are from CSIR-NGRI and National Center for Seismology (Government of India). We thank Dr. S. Padhy for critically reading the manuscript. Seismic data analysis was performed using Seismic Handler (Stammler, 1993). Plots are generated using Generic Mapping Tool (Wessel & Smith, 1998). The manuscript has benefited immensely from constructive comments by three anonymous reviewers and Prof. Carla F. Braitenberg (Editor-in-Chief). The manuscript has ref. no. NGRI/ Lib-abs/2017/Dec-21.

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  1. CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad, India

    K. S. Reshma, Bhaskar Illa, Prakash Kumar & D. Srinagesh

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  1. K. S. Reshma
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Correspondence to Prakash Kumar.

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Reshma, K.S., Illa, B., Kumar, P. et al. Lg Q in the Indian Shield. Pure Appl. Geophys. 179, 149–168 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-021-02911-y

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