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Consideration of Strain-Bursting Phenomena Associated with Large-Scale Discontinuities: A Numerical Study

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Abstract

Mechanisms via which the presence of geological discontinuities (e.g., faults, geological contacts, etc.) may arrest or divert strain-burst related failures of rock masses have been investigated using numerical simulations. The magnitude of energy release has been considered through an estimate of differential displacements and principal stress concentrations. Simulation outcomes suggest that, if coupled with a significant major principal stress decrease, a shallow (e.g., sub-horizontal dipping) fault provides a larger risk of violent release of energy than a steeper orientation. This elevated risk is observed in the simulations to be more pronounced in faults dipping towards the advancing face than faults dipping away from the advancing face. A stress path analysis of the simulation results also reveals that the first exposure location of a discontinuity is the likely location of the highest estimated strain-bursting potential, and that, partially exposed discontinuities result in the highest risk for a violent energy release.

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Abbreviations

\(\varepsilon_{yield}\) :

Yield strain

\(\sigma_{peak}\) :

Peak stress

\(\sigma_{residal}\) :

Residual stress

\(\varepsilon_{residual}\) :

Strain to reach residual strength

DIT:

Damage initiation threshold

SL:

Spalling limit

\(I_{VFs\varepsilon }\) :

Combined stress–strain related severity index of a violent failure

D/DD:

Dip/Dip Direction of a discontinuity

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the M464 Sponsors that include Aeris Resources Ltd, Tritton Gold Mine (Australia); Agnico Eagle Mines Ltd, LaRonde Mine (Canada); AngloGold Ashanti Ltd (Australia); Ernest Henry Mining (Australia); Glencore Sudbury Integrated Nickel Operations (Canada); Gold Fields Australia Pty Ltd, Granny Smith Mine, St Ives and Agnew Mines (Australia); Luossavaara—Kiirunavaara AB (Sweden); Newcrest Mining Ltd, Cadia Valley Operations (Australia); Northern Star Resources Ltd (Australia); Iamgold Corporation, Westwood Mine (Canada); BHP Olympic Dam and BHP Nickel West (Australia), and the Minerals Research Institute of Western Australia (MRIWA) for providing funding and resources to conduct this research.

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  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, 17 College Walk, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia

    Ali Keneti & Roger Dargaville

  2. School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia

    Bre-Anne Sainsbury

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AK has contributed to develop the idea, numerical model, analysis and interpretation, and write up of the manuscript; B-AS contributed to the results interpretation and reviewing the manuscript, and RD contributed to the reviewing of the manuscript.

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Keneti, A., Sainsbury, BA. & Dargaville, R. Consideration of Strain-Bursting Phenomena Associated with Large-Scale Discontinuities: A Numerical Study. Pure Appl. Geophys. 178, 3581–3600 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-021-02851-7

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