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Role of the chanzyme TRPM7 in the nervous system in health and disease

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Abstract

The channel kinase (chanzyme) transient receptor potential melastatin-like 7 (TRPM7) has a unique dual protein structure composed of an ion channel with an α-kinase domain on its C-terminus. In the nervous system, under physiological conditions, TRPM7 contributes to critical neurobiological processes ranging from synaptic transmission to cognitive functions. Following certain pathological triggers, TRPM7 mediates neurotoxicity, neuro-injuries, and neuronal death. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of TRPM7 functions in neuronal systems in health and disease. The molecular mechanisms by which this chanzyme might regulate synaptic and cognitive functions are discussed. We also discuss the lack of knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms responsible for turning TRPM7 into “a vicious tool” that mediates neuronal death following certain pathological triggers. Some synthetic and natural pharmacological modulators of the TRPM7 channel and its α-kinase are reviewed. We suggest that based on current knowledge, we should reshape our thinking regarding the implications of TRPM7 in neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. Moreover, we propose a paradigm shift concerning the targeting of TRPM7 as a therapeutic approach for treating certain neurological diseases. We agree that TRPM7 overexpression or overactivation may mediate neurodegenerative processes following certain triggers. However, TRPM7 dysfunction and/or downregulation might also be among the pathological changes leading to neurodegeneration. Consequently, further investigations are required before we decide whether blocking or activating the chanzyme is the correct therapeutic approach to treat certain neurological and/or neurodegenerative diseases.

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Abbreviations

TRPM7:

Transient receptor potential melastatin-like 7

Zn2+ :

Zinc

Mg2+ :

Magnesium

Ca2+ :

Calcium

CNS:

Central nervous system

GABA:

Gamma-aminobutyric acid

Akt:

Serine–threonine kinase

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin complex

eEF2:

Eukaryotic elongation factor-2

PD:

Parkinson’s disease

AD:

Alzheimer’s disease

APP:

The amyloid precursor protein

Aβ:

A-beta peptide

TRPM6:

Transient receptor potential melastatin-like 6

NMDA:

N-Methyl-d-aspartic acid

2-APB:

2-Aminoethyl diphenyl borinate

PI3K:

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase

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Acknowledgements

Supported by the Natural Science Foundation (NSF) of China Grants (81573408 and 81270048), Fudan University-Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of science joint Grant (FU-SIMM20174015) and NSF of Shanghai Grant (16ZR1403200).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China

    Nashat Abumaria & Wei Li

  2. Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China

    Nashat Abumaria

  3. Department of Anatomy, Brain Health Research Centre and Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand

    Andrew N. Clarkson

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  1. Nashat Abumaria
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Abumaria, N., Li, W. & Clarkson, A.N. Role of the chanzyme TRPM7 in the nervous system in health and disease. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 76, 3301–3310 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-019-03124-2

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