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The role of endosomal-recycling in long-term potentiation

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Abstract

Long-term potentiation (LTP) defines persistent increases in neurotransmission strength at synapses that are triggered by specific patterns of neuronal activity. LTP, the most widely accepted molecular model for learning, is best characterised at glutamatergic synapses on dendritic spines. In this context, LTP involves increases in dendritic spine size and the insertion of glutamate receptors into the post-synaptic spine membrane, which together boost post-synaptic responsiveness to neurotransmitters. In dendrites, the material required for LTP is sourced from an organelle termed the endosomal-recycling compartment (ERC), which is localised to the base of dendritic spines. When LTP is induced, material derived from the recycling compartment, which contains α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs), is mobilised into dendritic spines feeding the increased need for receptors and membrane at the spine neck and head. In this review, we discuss the importance of endosomal-recycling and the role of key proteins which control these processes in the context of LTP.

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Abbreviations

AMPAR:

α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate-type glutamate receptor

EZs:

Endocytic zones

ERC:

Endosomal-recycling compartment

EPSC:

Excitatory post-synaptic current

GEF:

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor

LTP:

Long-term potentiation

LTD:

Long-term depression

MTOC:

Microtubule-organising centre

MyoV:

Myosin V

NSF:

N-Ethylmaleimide sensitive fusion protein

NMDAR:

N-Methyl-d-aspartate-type glutamate receptor

PSD:

Post-synaptic density

PICK1:

Protein interacting with C-Kinase-1

FIP:

Rab11-family interacting protein

RO:

Recycling-outpost

shRNA:

Short-hairpin RNA

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Sara Hanscom for useful discussion regarding the manuscript. This work was supported by a Science Foundation Ireland Investigator Grant (05/IN.3/B859) and a Science Foundation Ireland Research Frontiers Grant (08-RFP-NSC1499) to M. McCaffrey.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

    Eoin E. Kelly, Conor P. Horgan & Mary W. McCaffrey

  2. Molecular Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

    Paul Young

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  1. Eoin E. Kelly
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  2. Conor P. Horgan
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  3. Mary W. McCaffrey
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  4. Paul Young
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Correspondence to Mary W. McCaffrey.

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Kelly, E.E., Horgan, C.P., McCaffrey, M.W. et al. The role of endosomal-recycling in long-term potentiation. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 68, 185–194 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-010-0516-2

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