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Potential involvement of CCL23 in atherosclerotic lesion formation/progression by the enhancement of chemotaxis, adhesion molecule expression, and MMP-2 release from monocytes

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Abstract

Objective

CCL23 [Ckβ8-1/myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor 1 (MPIF1)/macrophage inflammatory protein-3 (MIP3)], a member of the CC chemokine family, is involved in leukocyte trafficking, and implicated in inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we investigated the role of CCL23 in the development of human atherosclerosis, which is characterized by an inflammatory disease.

Methods

CCL23 transcripts were measured by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and CCL23 protein by immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression of adhesion molecules was determined by flow cytometry, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) levels by zymography.

Results

Proatherogenic factors such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and oxidative stress markedly enhanced CCL23 release from human THP-1 macrophages. CCL23 stimulated chemotaxis of human THP-1 monocytes in a dose-dependent manner and enhanced the expression of adhesion molecule CD11c, as well as release of MMP-2 from the THP-1 monocytes. Moreover, CCL23 expression at the mRNA level was significantly higher in human atherosclerotic lesions than in normal arteries, and CCL23 protein was co-expressed with CD68, a specific marker for macrophages. Circulating levels of plasma CCL23 were higher in atherosclerotic patients than in normal subjects.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that CCL23 plays a role in the development of human atherosclerosis. CCL23 may be a useful target for the development of antiatherogenic agents.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the 2009 Research Fund of the University of Ulsan.

Conflict of interest

No competing financial interests exist.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749, South Korea

    Chu-Sook Kim, Ji-Hye Kang & Rina Yu

  2. Ulsan University Hospital, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749, South Korea

    Hong-Rae Cho

  3. College of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    Thomas N. Blankenship & Kent L. Erickson

  4. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan

    Teruo Kawada

Authors
  1. Chu-Sook Kim
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  2. Ji-Hye Kang
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  3. Hong-Rae Cho
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  4. Thomas N. Blankenship
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  5. Kent L. Erickson
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  6. Teruo Kawada
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  7. Rina Yu
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rina Yu.

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Responsible Editor: Makoto Katori.

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Kim, CS., Kang, JH., Cho, HR. et al. Potential involvement of CCL23 in atherosclerotic lesion formation/progression by the enhancement of chemotaxis, adhesion molecule expression, and MMP-2 release from monocytes. Inflamm. Res. 60, 889–895 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-011-0350-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-011-0350-5

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