Abstract
We investigate the possibilities of searching for a self-conjugate polarizable particle in the self-interactions of light. We first observe that polarizability can arise either from the exchange of mediator states or as a consequence of the inner structure of the particle. To exemplify this second possibility we calculate the polarizability of a neutral bosonic open string, and find it is described only by dimension-8 operators. Focussing on the spin-0 case, we calculate the light-by-light scattering amplitudes induced by the dimension-6 and 8 polarizability operators. Performing a simulation of exclusive diphoton production with proton tagging at the LHC, we find that the imprint of the polarizable dark particle can be potentially detected at 5σ significance for mass and cutoff reaching values above the TeV scale, for \( \sqrt{s}=13 \) TeV and 300 fb−1 of integrated luminosity. If the polarizable dark particle is stable, it can be a dark matter candidate, in which case we argue this exclusive diphoton search may complement the existing LHC searches for polarizable dark matter.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Lattice Strong Dynamics (LSD) collaboration, T. Appelquist et al., Composite bosonic baryon dark matter on the lattice: SU(4) baryon spectrum and the effective Higgs interaction, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 094508 [arXiv:1402.6656] [INSPIRE].
C. Kilic, T. Okui and R. Sundrum, Vectorlike Confinement at the LHC, JHEP 02 (2010) 018 [arXiv:0906.0577] [INSPIRE].
J. Bagnasco, M. Dine and S.D. Thomas, Detecting technibaryon dark matter, Phys. Lett. B 320 (1994) 99 [hep-ph/9310290] [INSPIRE].
M. Pospelov and T. ter Veldhuis, Direct and indirect limits on the electromagnetic form-factors of WIMPs, Phys. Lett. B 480 (2000) 181 [hep-ph/0003010] [INSPIRE].
K. Sigurdson, M. Doran, A. Kurylov, R.R. Caldwell and M. Kamionkowski, Dark-matter electric and magnetic dipole moments, Phys. Rev. D 70 (2004) 083501 [Erratum ibid. D 73 (2006) 089903] [astro-ph/0406355] [INSPIRE].
V. Barger, W.-Y. Keung and D. Marfatia, Electromagnetic properties of dark matter: Dipole moments and charge form factor, Phys. Lett. B 696 (2011) 74 [arXiv:1007.4345] [INSPIRE].
T. Banks, J.-F. Fortin and S. Thomas, Direct Detection of Dark Matter Electromagnetic Dipole Moments, arXiv:1007.5515 [INSPIRE].
W.S. Cho, J.-H. Huh, I.-W. Kim, J.E. Kim and B. Kyae, Constraining WIMP magnetic moment from CDMS II experiment, Phys. Lett. B 687 (2010) 6 [Erratum ibid. B 694 (2011) 496] [arXiv:1001.0579] [INSPIRE].
H. An, S.-L. Chen, R.N. Mohapatra, S. Nussinov and Y. Zhang, Energy Dependence of Direct Detection Cross section for Asymmetric Mirror Dark Matter, Phys. Rev. D 82 (2010) 023533 [arXiv:1004.3296] [INSPIRE].
S. Chang, N. Weiner and I. Yavin, Magnetic Inelastic Dark Matter, Phys. Rev. D 82 (2010) 125011 [arXiv:1007.4200] [INSPIRE].
S.D. McDermott, H.-B. Yu and K.M. Zurek, Turning off the Lights: How Dark is Dark Matter?, Phys. Rev. D 83 (2011) 063509 [arXiv:1011.2907] [INSPIRE].
E. Del Nobile, C. Kouvaris, P. Panci, F. Sannino and J. Virkajarvi, Light Magnetic Dark Matter in Direct Detection Searches, JCAP 08 (2012) 010 [arXiv:1203.6652] [INSPIRE].
L. Vecchi, WIMPs and Un-Naturalness, arXiv:1312.5695 [INSPIRE].
A. Rajaraman, T.M.P. Tait and D. Whiteson, Two Lines or Not Two Lines? That is the Question of Gamma Ray Spectra, JCAP 09 (2012) 003 [arXiv:1205.4723] [INSPIRE].
A. Rajaraman, T.M.P. Tait and A.M. Wijangco, Effective Theories of Gamma-ray Lines from Dark Matter Annihilation, Phys. Dark Univ. 2 (2013) 17 [arXiv:1211.7061] [INSPIRE].
M.T. Frandsen, U. Haisch, F. Kahlhoefer, P. Mertsch and K. Schmidt-Hoberg, Loop-induced dark matter direct detection signals from gamma-ray lines, JCAP 10 (2012) 033 [arXiv:1207.3971] [INSPIRE].
F. D’Eramo and M. Procura, Connecting Dark Matter UV Complete Models to Direct Detection Rates via Effective Field Theory, JHEP 04 (2015) 054 [arXiv:1411.3342] [INSPIRE].
A. Crivellin, F. D’Eramo and M. Procura, New Constraints on Dark Matter Effective Theories from Standard Model Loops, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 (2014) 191304 [arXiv:1402.1173] [INSPIRE].
M.A. Fedderke, E.W. Kolb, T. Lin and L.-T. Wang, Gamma-ray constraints on dark-matter annihilation to electroweak gauge and Higgs bosons, JCAP 01 (2014) 001 [arXiv:1310.6047] [INSPIRE].
R. Krall, M. Reece and T. Roxlo, Effective field theory and keV lines from dark matter, JCAP 09 (2014) 007 [arXiv:1403.1240] [INSPIRE].
N. Weiner and I. Yavin, How Dark Are Majorana WIMPs? Signals from MiDM and Rayleigh Dark Matter, Phys. Rev. D 86 (2012) 075021 [arXiv:1206.2910] [INSPIRE].
R.C. Cotta, J.L. Hewett, M.P. Le and T.G. Rizzo, Bounds on Dark Matter Interactions with Electroweak Gauge Bosons, Phys. Rev. D 88 (2013) 116009 [arXiv:1210.0525] [INSPIRE].
L.M. Carpenter, A. Nelson, C. Shimmin, T.M.P. Tait and D. Whiteson, Collider searches for dark matter in events with a Z boson and missing energy, Phys. Rev. D 87 (2013) 074005 [arXiv:1212.3352] [INSPIRE].
A. Crivellin and U. Haisch, Dark matter direct detection constraints from gauge bosons loops, Phys. Rev. D 90 (2014) 115011 [arXiv:1408.5046] [INSPIRE].
G. Ovanesyan and L. Vecchi, Direct detection of dark matter polarizability, JHEP 07 (2015) 128 [arXiv:1410.0601] [INSPIRE].
A. Crivellin, U. Haisch and A. Hibbs, LHC constraints on gauge boson couplings to dark matter, Phys. Rev. D 91 (2015) 074028 [arXiv:1501.00907] [INSPIRE].
T. Appelquist et al., Detecting Stealth Dark Matter Directly through Electromagnetic Polarizability, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 (2015) 171803 [arXiv:1503.04205] [INSPIRE].
J. Brooke, M.R. Buckley, P. Dunne, B. Penning, J. Tamanas and M. Zgubic, Vector Boson Fusion Searches for Dark Matter at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 93 (2016) 113013 [arXiv:1603.07739] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for new phenomena in events with a photon and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s}=8 \) TeV with the ATLAS detector, Phys. Rev. D 91 (2015) 012008 [Erratum ibid. D 92 (2015) 059903] [arXiv:1411.1559] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for dark matter in events with a Z boson and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s}=8 \) TeV with the ATLAS detector, Phys. Rev. D 90 (2014) 012004 [arXiv:1404.0051] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for invisible decays of Higgs bosons in the vector boson fusion and associated ZH production modes, Eur. Phys. J. C 74 (2014) 2980 [arXiv:1404.1344] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for new particles in events with one lepton and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s}=8 \) TeV with the ATLAS detector, JHEP 09 (2014) 037 [arXiv:1407.7494] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for new phenomena in monophoton final states in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s}=8 \) TeV, Phys. Lett. B 755 (2016) 102 [arXiv:1410.8812] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for dark matter, extra dimensions and unparticles in monojet events in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s}=8 \) TeV, Eur. Phys. J. C 75 (2015) 235 [arXiv:1408.3583] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for physics beyond the standard model in final states with a lepton and missing transverse energy in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s}=8 \) TeV, Phys. Rev. D 91 (2015) 092005 [arXiv:1408.2745] [INSPIRE].
A. Nelson, L.M. Carpenter, R. Cotta, A. Johnstone and D. Whiteson, Confronting the Fermi Line with LHC data: an Effective Theory of Dark Matter Interaction with Photons, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 056011 [arXiv:1307.5064] [INSPIRE].
N. Lopez, L.M. Carpenter, R. Cotta, M. Frate, N. Zhou and D. Whiteson, Collider Bounds on Indirect Dark Matter Searches: The W W Final State, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 115013 [arXiv:1403.6734] [INSPIRE].
R. Contino, A. Falkowski, F. Goertz, C. Grojean and F. Riva, On the Validity of the Effective Field Theory Approach to SM Precision Tests, JHEP 07 (2016) 144 [arXiv:1604.06444] [INSPIRE].
S. Bruggisser, F. Riva and A. Urbano, The Last Gasp of Dark Matter Effective Theory, JHEP 11 (2016) 069 [arXiv:1607.02475] [INSPIRE].
S. Bruggisser, F. Riva and A. Urbano, Strongly Interacting Light Dark Matter, arXiv:1607.02474 [INSPIRE].
S. Fichet and G. von Gersdorff, Anomalous gauge couplings from composite Higgs and warped extra dimensions, JHEP 03 (2014) 102 [arXiv:1311.6815] [INSPIRE].
A. De Simone, V. Sanz and H.P. Sato, Pseudo-Dirac Dark Matter Leaves a Trace, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 (2010) 121802 [arXiv:1004.1567] [INSPIRE].
M.E. Luke, A.V. Manohar and M.J. Savage, A QCD calculation of the interaction of quarkonium with nuclei, Phys. Lett. B 288 (1992) 355 [hep-ph/9204219] [INSPIRE].
Particle Data Group collaboration, K.A. Olive et al., Review of Particle Physics, Chin. Phys. C 38 (2014) 090001 [INSPIRE].
S. Ferrara, M. Porrati and V.L. Telegdi, g = 2 as the natural value of the tree level gyromagnetic ratio of elementary particles, Phys. Rev. D 46 (1992) 3529 [INSPIRE].
K. Becker, M. Becker and J. Schwarz, String Theory and M-Theory: A Modern Introduction, Cambridge University Press (2006).
C.P. Burgess, Open String Instability in Background Electric Fields, Nucl. Phys. B 294 (1987) 427 [INSPIRE].
A. Abouelsaood, C.G. Callan Jr., C.R. Nappi and S.A. Yost, Open Strings in Background Gauge Fields, Nucl. Phys. B 280 (1987) 599 [INSPIRE].
S. Fichet, G. von Gersdorff, O. Kepka, B. Lenzi, C. Royon and M. Saimpert, Probing new physics in diphoton production with proton tagging at the Large Hadron Collider, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 114004 [arXiv:1312.5153] [INSPIRE].
S. Fichet, G. von Gersdorff, B. Lenzi, C. Royon and M. Saimpert, Light-by-light scattering with intact protons at the LHC: from Standard Model to New Physics, JHEP 02 (2015) 165 [arXiv:1411.6629] [INSPIRE].
A.V. Manohar, Effective field theories, Lect. Notes Phys. 479 (1997) 311 [hep-ph/9606222] [INSPIRE].
M. Peskin and D. Schroeder, An Introduction to Quantum Field Theory, Advanced book classics, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company (1995).
S. Alam, S. Dawson and R. Szalapski, Low-energy constraints on new physics revisited, Phys. Rev. D 57 (1998) 1577 [hep-ph/9706542] [INSPIRE].
V. Costantini, B. De Tollis and G. Pistoni, Nonlinear effects in quantum electrodynamics, Nuovo Cim. A 2 (1971) 733 [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Letter of Intent for the Phase-I Upgrade of the ATLAS Experiment, CERN-LHCC-2011-012.
CMS, TOTEM collaborations, CMS-TOTEM Precision Proton Spectrometer, CERN-LHCC-2014-021.
S. Fichet, G. von Gersdorff and C. Royon, Measuring the Diphoton Coupling of a 750 GeV Resonance, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 (2016) 231801 [arXiv:1601.01712] [INSPIRE].
E. Chapon, C. Royon and O. Kepka, Anomalous quartic W W gamma gamma, ZZγγ and trilinear W W γ couplings in two-photon processes at high luminosity at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 81 (2010) 074003 [arXiv:0912.5161] [INSPIRE].
O. Kepka and C. Royon, Anomalous W W γ coupling in photon-induced processes using forward detectors at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 78 (2008) 073005 [arXiv:0808.0322] [INSPIRE].
R.S. Gupta, Probing Quartic Neutral Gauge Boson Couplings using diffractive photon fusion at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 85 (2012) 014006 [arXiv:1111.3354] [INSPIRE].
H. Sun, Probe anomalous tqγ couplings through single top photoproduction at the LHC, Nucl. Phys. B 886 (2014) 691 [arXiv:1402.1817] [INSPIRE].
H. Sun, Large Extra Dimension effects through Light-by-Light Scattering at the CERN LHC, Eur. Phys. J. C 74 (2014) 2977 [arXiv:1406.3897] [INSPIRE].
H. Sun, Dark matter searches in jet plus missing energy events in γp collisions at the CERN LHC, Phys. Rev. D 90 (2014) 035018 [arXiv:1407.5356] [INSPIRE].
İ. Şahin et al., Graviton production through photon-quark scattering at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 91 (2015) 035017 [arXiv:1409.1796] [INSPIRE].
S.C. İnan, Dimension-six anomalous tqγ couplings in γγ collision at the LHC, Nucl. Phys. B 897 (2015) 289 [arXiv:1410.3609] [INSPIRE].
LHC Forward Physics Working Group collaboration, K. Akiba et al., LHC Forward Physics, J. Phys. G 43 (2016) 110201 [arXiv:1611.05079] [INSPIRE].
D. d’Enterria and G.G. da Silveira, Observing light-by-light scattering at the Large Hadron Collider, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 (2013) 080405 [arXiv:1305.7142] [INSPIRE].
M. Boonekamp et al., FPMC: A generator for forward physics, arXiv:1102.2531 [INSPIRE].
V.M. Budnev, I.F. Ginzburg, G.V. Meledin and V.G. Serbo, The Two photon particle production mechanism. Physical problems. Applications. Equivalent photon approximation, Phys. Rept. 15 (1975) 181 [INSPIRE].
C. Royon, private communication.
Open Access
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
ArXiv ePrint: 1609.01762
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Fichet, S. Shining light on polarizable dark particles. J. High Energ. Phys. 2017, 88 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2017)088
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2017)088