Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The efficacy of different spraying programs against two fungal pathogens in organic grape production

Die Wirksamkeit verschiedener Spritzprogramme gegenüber zwei pilzlichen Erregern in der biologischen Traubenproduktion

  • Published:
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Regarding the continual increase of organic grape production in Europe, seven different spraying programs were formed and tested in Slovenian vineyards against grape powdery mildew (Uncinula necator) and grape downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) in 2007 and 2008. An Eco spraying program (Myco-Sin + Basfoliar Aktiv + Champ formula 2 FLO + Kumulus DF + potassium waterglass + Fennel extract) showed the highest (87%) efficacy against grape powdery mildew on grape bunches in 2007, while almost total efficacy in controlling grape downy mildew on leaves was established in 2008 with the same program and with a Basfoliar Aktiv + potassium waterglass + Fennel extract spraying program. Satisfactory efficacy (> 83%) in controlling grape downy mildew on grape bunches in 2008 was achieved with the following programs: Eco, Basfoliar Aktiv + potassium waterglass + Fennel extract, and Champ formula 2 FLO + Vitisan + Fennel extract. In the control treatment the infection was high in both years, what made the tested programs highly applicable.

Zusammenfassung

In Anbetracht der kontinuierlich steigenden biologischen Traubenproduktion in Europa wurden sieben verschiedene Spritzprogramme entwickelt und ihre Wirksamkeit gegenüber dem Echten (ncinula necator) und Falschen Mehltau der Weinrebe (Plasmopara viticola) in slowenischen Weinbauregionen in den Jahren 2007 und 2008 getestet. Ein biologisches Spritzprogramm (Myco-Sin + Basfoliar Aktiv + Champ formula 2 FLO + Kumulus DF + Kaliwasserglas + Fenchelextrakt) zeigte die höchste (87%) Wirksamkeit gegenüber dem Echten Mehltau an Weintrauben im Jahr 2007. Im darauf folgenden Jahr wirkte dasselbe Programm ebenso wie das Spritzprogramm mit Basfoliar Aktiv + Kaliwasserglas + Fenchelextrakt nahezu vollständig an Weinblättern. Eine zufreiedenstellende Wirkung (83%) wurde mit folgenden Programmen erreicht: Eco, Basfoliar Aktiv + Kaliwasserglas + Fenchelextrakt, und Champ formula 2 FLO + Vitisan + Fenchelextrakt. In der Kontrolle waren die Infektionsraten in beiden Jahren hoch, was die Praxistauglichkeit der getesteten Spritzprogramme gewährleistete.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abbott, W.S., 1925: A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. J. Econ. Entomol. 18, 265–267.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Agrios, G.N., 2005: Plant Pathology. 5th Edition. Elsevier, Boston, MA, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Antonacci, D., V. Simeone, 2001: Organic production of wine grapes in the drywarm climate of meridional Italy. Vignevini 28, 86–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bavec, M., 2001: Organic Agriculture. Kmečki glas, Ljubljana, Slovenia [in Slovenian].

    Google Scholar 

  • Dagostin, S., A. Ferrari, I. Pertot, 2006: Efficacy evaluation of biocontrol agents against downy mildew for copper replacement in organic grapevine production in Europe. Bull. OILB/SROP 29, 15–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Delate, K., H. Friedrich, 2004: Organic apple and grape performance in the Midwestern U.S. Acta Hortic. 638, 309–320.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diane, G.A., V.T. Sherman, 2004: Effects of fungicide residues on the survival, fecundity, and predation of the mites Tet-ranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Galendromus oc-cidentalis (Acari: Phytoseiidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 97, 950–956.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dmitri, C, C. Greene, 2007: Recent growth patterns in the U.S. organic food market. In: A.J. WELLSON (ed.): Organic Agriculture, pp. 129–190. Nova Science Publishers, Hauppage, NY, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • EPPO, 2004: Efficacy evaluation of Fungicides and Bactericides, 2nd ed. EPPO, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gent, D.H., D.G. James, L.C. Wright, D.J. Brooks, J. Dreves, G.C. Fisher, V.M. Walton, 2009: Effects of powdery mildew fungicide programs on twospotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae), hop aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and their natural enemies in hop yards. J. Econ. Entomol. 102, 274–286.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hassall, A.G., P. Kristiansen, A. Taji, 2005: Investigation of management practices and economic viability of vineyards for organic wine production. In: Proceedings of the 8th International IFOAM Viticulture, Adelaide, Australia. http://www.orgprints.org/14046/1/Hassall-viticulture%2CIFOAM-05.pdf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofmann, U., D. Hiebertshausen, O. Baus-Reichel, B. Berkel-mann-Loehnertz, 2008: Optimization of downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola), control in organic viticulture with low copper doses, new copper formulations and plant strengtheners: results of four years of on farm research. In: Organic Wine and Viticulture Conference, Levizzano near Modena, Italy, June 16 and 17, 2008: http://www.orgprints.org/12483/1/Copper-reduction%2CU.Hofmann.pdf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jansonius, P.J., J. Bloksma, B. Heijne, 2000: Alternatives for copper fungicide against scab on Jonagold apple. http://www.louisbolk.org/downloads/380.pdf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kunz, S., G. Mögel, M. Hinze, F. Volk, 2008: Control of apple scab by curative applications of biocontrol agents. In: M. BOOS (ed.): Ecofruit — 13th International Conference on Cultivation Technique and Phytopathological Problems in Organic Fruit-Growing. Proceedings of the Conference from 18th February to 20th February 2008 at Weinsberg, Germany, pp. 62–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Latacz-Lohmann, U., C. Foster, 1997: From “niche” to “mainstream” — strategies for marketing organic food in Germany and the UK. Br. Food J. 99, 275–282.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mcfadden-Smith, W., 2008: Options for controlling grape powdery mildew. In: Uncorked Grape & Wine Industry Conference, Niagara College, Niagara-on-the-lake, Ontario, Canada.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food, 2001: Directive of ecological production and processing of agricultural products and food. Official Gazette No31/2001, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nardi, G., P. Braccini, R. Martellucci, M. Bonanzinga, 2008: Evaluation of fungicides to control vine powdery mildew in organic agriculture. In: 16th IFOAM Organic World Congress, Modena, Italy, June 16–20, 2008: http://www.ifoam.org/events/ifoam_conferences/owc/modules/abstracts_pdfs/Nardi_abs_VAW.pdf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ozimič, D., B. Uranjek, V Aleksič, J. Rantaša, L. Šurlan, 2007: Catallogue of permitted agents in ecological agriculture. Institute for Control and Certification in the Agriculture, Maribor, Slovenia [in Slovenian].

    Google Scholar 

  • Repic, P., M. Bavec, D. Starčević Štabuc, I. Vučko, 2005: Permitted agents for ecological agriculture. Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Maribor, Slovenia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Regner, F., M. Mehofer, K. Hanak, 2009: Investigating alternatives to combat against fungal diseases in organic viticulture. In: D. Rusjan (ed.): Grape Diseases, Cost of Phytochemicals and Alternative Strategies, pp. 31–32. University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rusjan, D., R. Veberič, Z. Korošec-Koruza, 2004: The influence of spraying of copper compounds on polyphenol oxidase activityin leaves, shoot tips and grape of vine cv. ‘Merlot’ (Vitis vinifera L.). Acta Agric. Slov. 83, 365–378.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rusjan, D., R. Veberic, Z. Korošec-Koruza, 2005: Influence of copper compounds on the carbohydrate contents in different parts of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Acta Agric. Slov. 85, 299–312.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rusjan, D., M. Strlič, D. Pucko, V.S. Šelih, Z. Korošec-Koruza, 2006: Vineyard soil characteristics related to content of transition metals in a sub-Mediterranean winegrowing region of Slovenia. Geoderma 136, 930–936.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rusjan, D., M. Strlič, D. Pucko, Z. Korošec-Koruza, 2007: Copper accumulation regarding the soil characteristics in Sub-Mediterranean vineyards of Slovenia. Geoderma 141, 111–118.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stojanovic, D., B. Kostić, B. Dimitrijević, N. Ostojić, N. Mitić-Mužina, M. Bogavac, B. Tomašević, G. Grujičić, A. Ružić, 1971: Prirucnik o metodama utvdivanja prisustva, ocene intenzitete pojave i izracunavanja gubitka od biljnih bolesti i štetocina. Savezni sekretariat za privredu, Belgrade, Serbia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tagliavini, M., A.D. Rombola, 2001: Iron deficiency and chlorosis in orchard and vineyard ecosystems. Eur. J. Agron. 15, 71–92.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Torre, A., G. Spera, D. Lolletti, 2005: Grapevine downy mildew control in organic farming. Comm. Agric. Appl. Biol. Sci. 70, 371–379.

    Google Scholar 

  • Towsend, G.R., J.W. Heuberger, 1943: Methods of estimating losses caused by diseases in fungicide experiments. Plant Dis. Rep. 27, 340–343.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trapman, M., 2008: Practical experience with the use of baking powder (potassium bicarbonate) for the control of apple scab (Venturia ineaqualis). In: M. BOOS (ed.): Ecofruit — 13th International Conference on Cultivation Technique and Phytopathological Problems in Organic Fruit-Growing: Proceedings to the Conference from 18th February to 20th February 2008 Weinsberg, Germany, 68–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trdan, S., N. Valic, J. Jerman, D. Ban, D. Žnidarcić, 2004: Efficacy of three natural chemicals to reduce the damage of Ery-siphe cichoracearum on chicory in two meteorologically different growing seasons. J. Phytopathol. 152, 567–574.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Trdan, S., D. Žnidarcić, M. Vidrih, M. Kač, 2008: Three natural substances for use against Alternaria cichorii on selected varieties of endive: antifungal agents, plant strengtheners, or foliar fertilizers? J. Plant Dis. Protect. 115, 63–68.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eu Official Journal, 2008: Ordinance of commition (EU) N° 889/2008 for determining of detailing rules for execution of Ordinance of cuncil (EU) N° 834/2007 about ecological production and denote of ecological products, L250/37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vršic, S., M. Lešnik, 2001: Vinogradništvo. Kmečki glas, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chamber of Agriculture and Forestry of Slovenia, Nova Gorica Institute for Agriculture and Forestry, Nova Gorica, Slovenia

    I. Žežlina & A. Škvarc

  2. Biotechnical Faculty, Dept. of Agronomy, Chair for Horticulture, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    D. Rusjan

  3. Biotechnical Faculty, Dept. of Agronomy, Chair of Phytomedicine, Agricultural Engineering, Crop Production, Grass land and Pasture Management, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    S. Trdan

Authors
  1. I. Žežlina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. Škvarc
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. D. Rusjan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. S. Trdan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. Trdan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Žežlina, I., Škvarc, A., Rusjan, D. et al. The efficacy of different spraying programs against two fungal pathogens in organic grape production. J Plant Dis Prot 117, 220–225 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356364

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356364

Key words

Stichwörter

Search

Navigation