Skip to main content
Log in

Porous Plug Gas Injection in Anode Refining Furnaces

  • Extractive & Process Metallurgy
  • Published:
JOM Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The technical feasibility of using bottom injection of gases for anode refining has already been established. In the present work, data have been collected using industrial-size porous plugs in a laboratory induction furnace. The data have been compared to predictions made by a thermodynamic model and are scaled up to industrial operation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. L. Klein, “Gaseous Reductionof Oxygen-Containing Copper,” J. Metals, 13,(8) (1961) pp. 545–547.

    Google Scholar 

  2. C. R. Kuzell, M. G. Fowler, D. L. Klein and J. H. Davis, “Gaseous Reduction of Oxygen-Containing Copper,” U.S. Patent No. 2,989,397, June 20, 1961.

  3. P. M. Hulme, et al., “Process for Refining Copper,” U.S. Patent No. 1,965,190, July 3, 1934.

  4. H. L. Jandras, “Method of Producing High Purity Copper Castings,” U.S. Patent No. 3,470,936, October 7, 1969.

  5. M. C. E. Bell, and J. K. Pargeter, “Refining Copper Pyrometallurgically to Two Stage Subatmospheric Treatment,” U.S. Patent No. 3,767,383, October 23, 1973.

  6. J. B. Brinkman, et al., “Oxygen Control in Continuous Metal Casting System,” U.S. Patent No. 3,987,224, October 19, 1976.

  7. J. A. Dantzig, et al. “Method and Apparatus for the Degassing of Molten Metal,” U.S. Patent No. 4,235,627, November 25, 1980.

  8. K. Hidaka, and Ken-Ichi Yoshimura, “Operating of Refining Furnace for Copper Smelting,” Japanese Patent Office Application No. 1971-39,321, October 18, 1980.

  9. P. Goyal, N. J. Themelis and W. A. Zanchuk, “Gaseous Refining of Anode Copper,” J. of Metals, 35(12) (1982), pp. 22–28.

    Google Scholar 

  10. J. E. Foard and R. R. Beck, “Copper Smelting—Current Practices and Future Development,” AIME Annual Meeting, New York, 1971.

  11. H. H. Kellogg, and J. M. Henderson, “Energy Use in Sulfide Smelting of Copper,” in Extractive Metallurgy of Copper, edited by J. C. Yannapoulos and J. C. Agrawal, The Metallurgical Society of AIME, New York, (1976), pp. 373–415.

    Google Scholar 

  12. A. Yazawa and T. Azakami, “Thermodynamics of Removing Impurities During Copper Smelting,” Can. Met. Quarterly, 8(3) (1969), p. 257.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. K. Sano and H. Sakao, “Thermodynamic Considerations for the Experimental Results of the Equilibrium Between Liquid Cu and CO-CO2 -SO2 Gas Mixtures,” J. Japan Inst. of Metals, 19, (1955), p. 655.

    Google Scholar 

  14. N. J. Themelis, and P. R. Schmidt, “Deoxidation of Liquid Copper by a Submerged Gas Jet,” Trans. Met. Soc. of AIME, 239 (1967), p. 1313.

    Google Scholar 

  15. K. Nakanishi, T. Fugii, and J. Szekely, “Possible Relationships Between Energy Dissipation and Agitation in Steel Processing Operations,” Ironmaking and Steelmaking, 3 (1975), pp. 193–197.

    Google Scholar 

  16. N. J. Themelis and P. Goyal, “Gas Injection in Steelmaking: Mechanism and Effects,” paper presented at the 20th Annual Conference of Metallurgists, Hamilton, Ontario, August 1981.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Mr. Goyal received his bachelor’s in metallurgical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India, and his master’s in metallurgy from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. As development engineer in the Applied Research and Development Department of Air Products, he is responsible for new industrial gas applications for the metallurgy industry. Mr. Goyal is a member of The Metallurgical Society of AIME.

Dr. Joshi received his bachelor’s in chemical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, India, and his doctorate from the University of Delaware. He is currently responsible for new industrial gas applications in high-temperature processes. He is a member of The Metallurgical Society of AIME.

Mr. Wang received his BA in biochemistry from Columbia College in 1981. He is completing his graduate studies at the Henry Krumb School of Mines at Columbia University and will receive his MS in mineral engineering in 1984. He is a member of The Metallurgical Society of AIME.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Goyal, P., Joshi, S.V. & Wang, J. Porous Plug Gas Injection in Anode Refining Furnaces. JOM 35, 52–58 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03339189

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03339189

Keywords

Navigation