Abstract
We describe the microstructuring of gold-ruby glasses with synchrotron radiation. Plasmonic or luminescent microstructures with a lateral width of minimum 5 μm can be written directly into the glasses by implementing X-ray lithography. The technique involves two steps: First, gold containing glass samples are irradiated with synchrotron X-rays through a microstructured mask. And second, subsequent annealing at minimum 500°C induces the growth of gold nanoparticles. The patterned sites are ruby coloured due to the gold surface plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticles. Furthermore we investigated the photoluminescence of the microstructured glass. After synchrotron irradiation a red photoluminescence is observed under UV light excitation. Subsequent annealing for a few minutes at 300°C induces the quenching of the red luminescence. If the irradiated sample is annealed for 5 minutes at a higher temperature of 500°C a bright green light emission is detected. The green photoluminescence decreases after further annealing and finally vanishes. We assume that the origin of the luminescence are silicate hole centres. The technique of generating gold particles with synchrotron X-ray lithography has potential to produce micro-optical devices like optical storage units, photonic crystals, gratings or sensors.
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Maik Eichelbaum is a PhD student in the group of K. Rademann, working on the generation and characterization of noble metal clusters in inorganic glasses.
Kaus Rademann received his Ph.D. from the Institute for Physical Chemistry of the Free University of Berlin in 1982 and is now Professor at the Institute of Chemistry at the Humboldt University in Berlin. His research is focused on the investigation of the very early stages of nucleation and cluster formation in molecular beams, on surfaces and in glassy materials.
Dr. Wilfried Weigel is research scientist at the Humboldt University and the Scienion AG in Berlin. Research activities include fluorescence sensing and dynamics, surface coating and development of bioanalytical microarrays.
Martin Radtke is scientist at theFederal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference Materials in Berlin, Germany. He received his Ph. D. degree from the Department of Physics, Hamburg University in 2000. His main research interest is the application of Synchrotron Radiation induced X-Ray Fluorescence (SR-XRF) to questions from material science unto archaeology.
Bernd Loechel is Head of the Application Center for Microengineering at BESSY in Berlin. He received his Ph.D. from the Institute for Physical Chemistry of the Free University of Berlin in 1981, worked until 1998 as Head of a working group at the Fraunhofer Insitute for Silicon Technology in Berlin and is with BESSY since 1999. His major research interest is focused on technology development in micro fabrication, especially LIGA.
Ralf Müller is head of working group “Glass Ceramics and Thermal Analysis”, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin. He received his Ph.D. degree from the Academy of Science of the GDR in 1989. His major research interests are focussed on thermal properties and processing of glass, glass ceramics and glass ceramic composites.
Acknowledgement We gratefully thank Mr. Schadrack for his help in preparing glass samples and Mr. Dr. Scheunemann for support at BESSY. This work was supported financially by Fonds der Chemischen Industrie and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. M. E. acknowledges a fellowship of Fonds der Chemischen Industrie.
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Eichelbaum, M., Rademann, K., Weigel, W. et al. Gold-ruby glass in a new light: On the microstructuring of optical glasses with synchrotron radiation. Gold Bull 40, 278–282 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03215600
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03215600