Summary
The pulmonary vascular response to alveolar hypoxia with and without halothane exposure was measured in dogs. Hypoxia increased pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) so that in each case inverse linear relationships were found with arterial oxygen saturation. These responses were highly significant and reproduceable but varied greatly between individuals. Halothane administration resulted in an increased slope of PVR against oxygen saturation due to the fact that reduction in cardiac output exceeded the reduction in Ppa. An analysis of variance showed that it was possible to predict accurately the hypoxic PVR and Ppa responses under halothane anaesthesia from the control hypoxic responses. Animals with low PVR responses showed the greatest arterial oxygen desaturation with hypoxia, whereas high responders showed least oxygen desaturation. Thus it was possible to predict those individuals at risk from severe arterial oxygen desaturation under halothane anaesthesia.
Résumé
La réponse vasculaire pulmonaire à l’hypoxie alvéolaire seule et pendant l’exposition à l’halothane a été mesurée chez des chiens. L’hypoxie a augmenté la pression artérielle pulmonaire et la résistance vasculaire pulmonaire selon une relation linéaire inverse à la saturation du sang artériel en oxygène. Les réponses étaient très significatives et reproductibles mais variaient beaucoup d’un individu à un autre. L’administration d’halothane augmentait la pente de la résistance vasculaire pulmonaire en fonction de la saturation en oxygène, ceci à cause d’une réduction plus grande du débit cardiaque que de la pression de l’artère pulmonaire. Une analyse de variation a montré qu’il était possible de prédire précisément les changements de la résistance vasculaire pulmonaire et de la pression artérielle pulmonaire sous anesthésie à l’halothane à partir des réponses à l’hypoxie seule. Les animaux chez lesquels la résistance pulmonaire répondait peu à l’hypoxie présentaient le plus haut degré de désaturation en oxygène, alors que ceux qui répondaient le plus à l’hypoxie montraient des désaturations moindres en oxygène. Il devenait possible de connaître les individus présentant un risque de désaturation artérielle sévère sous anesthésie à l’ halothane.
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Supported by the Canadian Medical Research Council, Grant #MA 5880. Presented in part at the Canadian Anaesthetists’ Society Meeting, June 20–23, 1977.
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Fargas-Babjak, A., Forrest, J.B. Effect of halothane on the pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia in dogs. Canad. Anaesth. Soc. J. 26, 6–14 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03039446
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03039446