Conclusions
Although CMA may be readily recognized in infancy when acute anaphylactic reactions are most prevalent, clinical features in older children may be frequently nonspecific and insidious in onset. This study has identified three populations of children with separate clinical features. Their existence needs to be confirmed by others and by undertaking prospective studies based on the information generated by this investigation. Given the broad spectrum of clinical manifestations of CMA, it is not surprising that there is no single test on which to base its diagnosis other than the demonstration of a reproducible response to cow’s milk challenge under controlled clinical conditions. The recognition of different patterns of clinical diseases that are now all regarded as CMA should lead to a finer appreciation of the value of separate immunological tests in the diagnosis of this complex disorder.
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Hill, D.J., Ford, R.P.K., Shelton, M.J. et al. A study of 100 infants and young children with cow’s milk allergy. Clin Rev Allergy 2, 125–142 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02991061
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02991061