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Research perspective on nitrogen bmp development for potato

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Abstract

Nutrient best management practices (BMPs) are developed to optimize tuber yield and quality, and also to reduce environmental losses of nutrients. Nitrogen (N) management is important both in controlling potato growth and development and in minimizing the risks of groundwater contamination by nitrate and emissions of nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas. Development of BMPs for N management must consider variation in the magnitude and timing of both N supply and crop N demand. Consequently, these BMPs must reflect differences among potato cultivars, soil properties, cropping systems, water management, and climatic conditions. Despite decades of research, selection of the appropriate rate and timing of fertilizer N application remains a challenging task. A greater understanding of soil N cycling, the development of test-based N recommendation systems, improvements in controlled-release fertilizer technology, and opportunities for spatially variable N management may provide new answers to the old question of “How much N do I apply to my potato crop, at what growth stage, and in what form?”

Resumen

Se desarrollaron las mejores prácticas de manejo (BMPs) para mejorar el rendimiento y calidad de los tubérculos y también para reducir la pérdida de nutrientes. El manejo del nitrógeno (N) es importante para controlar el crecimiento y desarrollo de la planta y reduce la contaminación del agua del suelo por nitratos y emisiones de ácido nitroso o gas de invernadero. El desarrollo de BMPs para el manejo del N debe considerar la variacián en magnitud y tiempo, tanto del suministro de N como de la demanda de N por el cultivo. Por consiguiente, estos BMPs deben reflejar diferencias entre cultivares de papa, propiedades del suelo, sistemas de cultivo, manejo del agua y condiciones climáticas. A pesar de décadas de investigatión, la selectión de un grado apropiado y momento de aplicación de fertilizante nitrogenado permanecen como tarea discutible. Un mejor entendimiento del ciclo del N, desarrollo de sistemas de recomendación basados en pruebas de N, mejoras en la tecnología de liberatión de fertilizantes controlados y oportunidades para el manejo espacialmente variable del N, puede proporcionar nuevas respuestas a preguntas viejas de “¿Cuanto N debo aplicar a mi cultivo de papa, en que estado de desarrollo y en que forma?”

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  1. Potato Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, PO Box 20280, E3B 4Z7, Fredericton, NB, Canada

    B. J. Zebarth

  2. Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, Borlaug Hall, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, 55108, St. Paul, MN, USA

    C. J. Rosen

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Zebarth, B.J., Rosen, C.J. Research perspective on nitrogen bmp development for potato. Amer J of Potato Res 84, 3–18 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02986294

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