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Relevance of age and preoperative risk in laparoscopic colorectal surgery

Relevanz von Alter und Operationsrisiko bei laparoskopischen Eingriffen am Kolon und Rektum

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Summary

Background: We assessed the outcome of various laparoscopic colorectal procedures according to different ages and risk groups.

Methods: The results of 25 patients under 70 years (Group I) were compared with the results of 26 patients, 70 years and older (Group II). Both groups were matched for gender, indications for surgery and operative procedures.

Results: The preoperative risk was significantly higher in Group II, in which 77 % of patients corresponded to ASA III compared to 28 % in Group I, p≤0.001. A significant smaller number of preoperative blood transfusions was required in Group II, p≤0.01. No significant differences were found between Group I and Group II due to conversion rate (16 % vs. 4 %), complications (16 % vs. 27 %) and reoperation rate (12 % for both). Postoperative mortality was only slightly higher in Group II (3/12 %), compared to Group (1/4 %). 2 of 3 exitus in Group II were related to cardiopulmonary complications. Concerning fast postoperative recovery, analgesics consumption and first bowel movement were similar for both groups.

Conclusions: Compared to younger patients the elderly can benefit from laparoscopic colorectal techniques as well. However they must be carefully selected with respect to their preoperative risk and associated comorbidity.

Zusammenfassung

Grundlagen: Wir analysierten die Ergebnisse nach unterschiedlichen laparoskopischen kolorektalen Eingriffen unter Berücksichtigung von Alter und perioperativem Risiko.

Methodik: Das Operationsergebnis von 25 Patienten unter 70 Jahren (Gruppe I) wurde mit dem Ergebnis von 26 Patienten, die 70 Jahre oder älter waren (Gruppe II), verglichen. Die Verteilung von Geschlecht, Operationsindikationen und Techniken war in beiden Gruppen gleich.

Ergebnisse: Das perioperative Risiko war in Gruppe II signifikant höher, wobei hier 77 % der Patienten ASA III angehörten, verglichen mit 28 % ASA III-Patienten in Gruppe I, p≤0.001. Hingegen war in Gruppe II eine deutlich geringere Anzahl von perioperativen Bluttransfusionen erforderlich, p 0.01. Keine Unterschiede fanden wir zwischen beiden Gruppen bezüglich Konversionsrate (16 % vs. 4 %), Komplikationen (16 % vs. 27 %) sowie Anzahl der Reeingriffe (12 % für beide Gruppen). Die postoperative Letalität war in Gruppe II (3/12 %) im Vergleich zu Gruppe I (1/4 %) nur geringfügig höher, n.s. 2 von 3 Patienten in Gruppe II verstarben auf Grund von kardiopulmonalen Komplikationen. Patienten beider Gruppen hatten eine rasche postoperative Rekonvaleszenz mit vergleichbarem Schmerzmittelbedarf und Normalisierung der Darmtätigkeit.

Schlußfolgerungen: Im Vergleich zu jüngeren Patienten profitieren auch geriatrische Patienten von laparoskopischen Techniken in der kolorektalen Chirurgie. Die präoperative Auswahl dieser Patienten für einen laparoskopischen Eingriff sollte sich jedoch auf eine eingehende Risikoanalyse stützen.

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Thaler, K., Roehle, R. & Kreuzer, W. Relevance of age and preoperative risk in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Acta Chir. Austriaca 32, 135–137 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02948159

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