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Changeability of protein fractions and their amino acid composition during maturation of barley grain

Premenlivosí proteínových frakelí a ich amínokyselinového zloženia počas dozrievania zrna jačmeûa

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Biologia Plantarum

Abstract

The formation of the protein complex during barley grain maturation is characterized by unequal synthesis of different protein fractions. In ten day-old grain the dominating protein is glutelin, followed by albumin and globulin. The content of prolamin is at this stage negligible. Particularly after the eighteenth day of maturation intensive synthesis of prolamins begins, which continues during the entire maturing period in almost the same ratio as total N accumulation in the grain. From the twenty-fourth day the amount of prolamins exceeds that of glutelins, and at full maturity 50% of the proteins are prolamins. The glutelin content increases absolutely, but relatively it decreases from 41 to 26%.

The amino acid composition of flour from total grain as well as the amino acid composition of the individual proteins is significantly changed during maturation. Generally the changes are manifested in an increasing content of Glu and Pro and a decreasing content of Asp, Ala and Lys. These changes seem to occur as a result of an increasing representation of prolamin, which is characterized by large content of Glu and Pro and low content of Asp, Ala and Lys compared with other protein fractions.

Abstract

Formovanie proteínového komplexu zrna jačmeňa počas dozrievania je charakterizované neekvivalentnou syntézou rôznych proteínových frakcíí. U 10 dní starého zrna dominujúcimi proteínmi sú glutelíny, nasledované albumínami a globulínami. Obsah prolamínov je v tomto období nepatrný. Na 15 deň po odkvitnutí začína intenzívna syntéza prolamínov, ktorá pokračuje skora až do konea dozriovania v podstate tou istou rýchlosfou ako akumulácia celkového N v zrne.

Od 24. dňa po kvitnutí množstvo prolamínov prevyšuje množstvo glutelínov. V čase plnej zrelosti zrna 50% obsahu proteínov je reprezentované prolamínmi.

Amínokyselinové zloženie múky celého zrna, ako aj jednotlivých frakcií proteínov, sa značne menilo počas dozrievania. Všeobecným pravidlom sa ukazuje, že zastúpenie Glu a Pro sa zvyšuje a klesá zastúpenie Asp, Ala a Lyz. Tieto zmeny sa pravdepodobne uskutočňujú hlavne zásluhou zvýšenia zastúpenia prolamínov v proteínovom komplexe, ktoré sú charakterizované vysokým obsahom Glu a Pro a nízkym obsahom Asp, Ala a hlavne Lyz v porovnaní s inými frakeiami proteínov.

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Ivanko, S. Changeability of protein fractions and their amino acid composition during maturation of barley grain. Biol Plant 13, 155–164 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02933631

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02933631

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