Abstract
Activities of RNasea were studied in cotyledons of dormant and afterripenedAgrostemma githago seeds. Activity of RNase increases during imbibition and germination. This increase in activity cannot be observed in variants which are not able to germinate (dormant seeds and seeds blocked by higher temperature). The development of RNase activities during germination cannot be inhibited by concentrations of cycloheximide or actinomycine D completely preventing phosphatase synthesis. These results may be indicative for the assumption that the increase of RNase during germination is caused by enzyme activation and not by enzyme synthesis. Cytokinins and a combination of cycloheximide and gibberellic acid stimulate the activity of RNase in dormant cotyledons, whereas neither cycloheximide nor gibberellic acid, applicated by themselves, show any effect. Cytokinins and gibberellic acid do not influence the activity of RNase of afterripened cotyledons, abscisic acid inhibits the increase of enzyme activity.
There are characteristic changes in the pattern of RNases during germination revealed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The increase in RNase activity of dormant cotyledons caused by cytokinins is accompanied by obvious changes in the RNase pattern on polyacrylamide gel. Treating dormant cotyledons with cytokinins dormancy is partially overcome. In consequence of the application of cytokinins the differences in the electrophoretic RNase pattern between dormant and afterripened cotyledons can be nearly balanced.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literatur
Ambellan, E., Hollander V. P.: A simplified assay for RNase activity in crude tissue extracts. Anal. Biochem.17: 474–484 1966.
Barker, G. R., Bray, C. M., Walter, T. J.: Development of ribOnuclease and acid phosphatase during germination ofPisum arvense. — Biochem. J.142: 211–219, 1974.
Black, M., RicharDson, M.: Germination of lettuce induced by inhibitors of protein synthesis. — Planta73: 344–356, 1967.
Borriss, H.: Über einige Ergebnisse und Probleme der Keimungsphysiologie. — Wiss. Z. Univ. Greifswald, Math.-Nat. R.6: 251–265, 1956/57.
Borriss, H.: Untersuchungen über die Steuerung der Enzymaktivität in pfianzlichen Embryonen durch Cytokinine. — Wiss. Z. Univ. Rostock16: 629–639, 1967.
Borriss, H., Arndt, M.: Die Entwicklung isolierterAgrostemma-Embryonen in Abhängigkeit vom Reife- und Nachreifezustand der Samen. — Flora143: 492–498, 1956.
Borriss, H., Schmerder, B., Giuc, P. H.: Die Wirkung von Phytohormonen und Inhibitoren auf die Enzymaktivitäten dormanter und nachgereifterAgrostemma-Embryonen. — Abstr. Natural Plant Growth Subst., Liblice 1972.
Borriss, H., Schulze, J., Gallien, R., Albrecht, E.: Über qualitative und quantitative Veranderungen der Fermentgarnitur während der Reifungs. und Keimungsvorgänge vonAgroetemma -Samen. — In:Borriss, H. (ed.): Int. Symp. Physiol., Ökol. u. Biochemie d. Keimung. Pp. 697–717. Greifswald 1967.
Fiske, C. H., Subbarow, Y.: The colorimetric determination of phosphorus. — J. biol. Chem.66: 375–400, 1925.
Hecker, M., Wiedmann, M.: Anreicherung und Trennvng von Trypsin-Inhibitoren ausAgrostemma-Embryonen durch Polyacrylamidgel-Elektrophorese. — Biol. Rundschau13: 120–122, 1975.
Maurer, H. R.: Disk-Elektrophorese. — Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1968.
Müntz, K.: Die Funktion der Hulsenschale bei der Proteinspeicherung in den Samen von Vicia faba L. II. Das Vorkommen einiger Hydrolasen wahrend der Hülsenentwioklung. — Biochem. Physiol. Pflanzen164: 370–382, 1973.
Palmiano, E. P., Juliano, B. O.: Biochemical changes in the rice grain during germination. — Plant Physiol.49: 751–756, 1972.
Pollard, C. J.: A survey of the sequence of some effects of gibberellic acid on the metabolism of cereal grains. — Plant Physiol.44: 1227–1232, 1969.
Rejowski, A.: Effect of GA3 on ribonuclease activity in the embryos and endosperm of spring barley grain in the post-harvest dormancy period. — Acta Soc. Bot. Pol.40: 423–430, 1971.
Sahulka, J.: Electrophoretio investigation of ribonucloase in roots and leaves ofVicia faba L. — Biol. Plant.13: 243–246, 1971.
Soandalios, J. G.: Isoenzymes in development and differentiation. — Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol.25: 225–258, 1974.
Vasu, S., Hulea, S., Radulescu, S.: Multiple molecular forms of ribonucleases fromAspergillus niger and their intracellular and extracellular distribution. — Rev. roum. Biochim.8: 351 to 364, 1971.
Vold, B. S., Sypherd, P. S.: Changes in soluble RNA and ribonuolease activity during germination of wheat. — Plant Physiol.43: 1221–1226, 1968.
Wilson, C. M.: Plant nucleases. III. Polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresis of corn ribonuolease isoenzymes. — Plant Physiol.48: 64–68, 1971.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schmerdee, B., Hecker, M. Untersuchungen über rnasen in kotyledonen von nachgereiften und dormantenagrostemma githago-samen. Biol Plant 18, 351–358 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02922461
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02922461