Abstract
Environmental conditions affect the production of extracellular polysaccharide byAzotobacter chroococcum ATCC 4412. Production of exocellular polymer from a variety of carbon sources depended on the air flow rate. A high sucrose concentration in medium (8%) markedly favored exopolysaccharide production, which reached 14 g/L in about 72 h. In cell suspensions incubated in the presence of 8% sucrose in a nitrogen-free medium, biopolymer final concentration of 9 g/L corresponds to 68 g/g biomass. Maximum efficiency of sucrose conversion into exopolysaccharide peaked at 70% for initial disaccharide concentration of 6%. High performance liquid chromatography and gas liquid chromatography of acid hydrolysates of the exopolymer revealed the presence of mannuronosyl, guluronosyl, and acetyl residues, but not neutral sugars. The infrared spectrum corroborated the presence of carboxylate anions and O-acetyl groups in the exopolymer. Though the presence of more than one kind of polysaccharide cannot be ruled out, these data suggest that, under the experimental conditions used in this work, only a type of alginate-like exopolysaccharide is produced byA. chroococcum ATCC 4412.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sutherland, I. W. (1985),Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 39, 243–270.
Sandford, P. A., Cottrell, I. W., and Pettitt, D. J. (1984),Pure Appl. Chem. 56, 879–892.
Sutherland, I. W. (1986),Microbiol. Sci. 3, 5–8.
Evans, L. R. and Linker, A. (1973),J. Bacterial. 116, 915–924.
Deretic, V., Gill, J. F., and Chakrabarty, A. M. (1987),Biotechnology 5, 469–477.
Chen, W-P., Chen, J-Y., Chang, S-C., and Su, C-L. (1985),Appl. Environm. Microbiol 49, 543–546.
Lawson, G. L. and Stacey, M. (1954),J. Chem. Soc. (London) p. 1925–1931.
Cote, G. L. and Krull, L. H. (1988),Carbohydr. Res. 181, 143–152.
Cejudo, F. J. and Paneque A. (1988),Arch. Microbiol. 149, 481–484.
Brivonese, A. C. and Sutherland, I. W. (1989),Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 30, 97–102.
Paneque, A., de la Vega, M. G., and Cejudo, F. J. (1988),Second Spanish Conference on Biotechnology, Abstracts, p. 277.
Cejudo, F. J., de la Torre, A., and Paneque, A. (1984),Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 123, 431–437.
Blackeny, A. B., Harris, P. J., Henry, R. J., and Stone, B. A. (1983),Carbohydr. Res. 113, 291–293.
Taylor, R. L. and Conrad, H. E. (1972),Biochemistry 11, 1383–1388.
Bergmeyer, H. U. and Bernt, E. (1974),Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, Academic, New York and London, pp. 1176 and 1221.
De la Vega, M. G., Cejudo, F. J., and Paneque, A. (1991),Enzyme Microb. Technol. 13, 267–271.
Okabe, E., Nakajima, M., Murooka, H., and Nisizawa, K. (1981),J. Ferment. Technol. 59, 1–7.
Antón, J., Meseguer, I., and Rodríguez-Valera, F. (1988),Appl. Environm. Microbiol. 54, 2381–2386.
Horan, N. J., Jarman, T. R., and Dawes, E. A. (1981),J. Gen. Microbiol. 127, 185–191.
Deavin, L., Jarman, T. R., Lawson, C. J., Righelato, R. C., and Slocombe, S. (1977), inExtracellular Microbial Polysaccharides, Sandford, P. A. and Laskin, A., eds., American Chemical Society, Washington, pp. 14–26.
Hacking, A. J., Taylor, I. W. F., Jarman, T. R., and Govan, J. R. W. (1983),J. Gen. Microbiol. 129, 3473–3480.
Sutherland, I. W. (1977), inExtracellular Microbial Polysaccharides, Sandford, P. A. and Laskin, A., eds., American Chemical Society, Washington, pp. 40–57.
Jarman, T. R., Deavin, L., Slocombe, S., and Righelato, R. C. (1978),J. Gen. Microbiol. 107, 59–64.
Williams, A. G. and Wimpenny, J. W. T. (1977),J. Gen. Microbiol. 102, 13–21.
Cohen, G. H. and Johnstone, D. B. (1964),J. Bacteriol. 88, 329–338.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
De La Vega, M.G., Cejudo, F.J. & Paneque, A. Production of exocellular polysaccharide by azotobacter chroococcwn. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 30, 273–284 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02922031
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02922031