Abstract
Two-Phase flow pattern and pressure drop data were obtained for pure refrigerants R134a and R123 and their mixtures as test fluids in a horizontal tube. The flow pattern is observed through tubular sight glasses located at inlet and outlet of the test section. The flow map of Baker developed for air-water two-phase flow at atmospheric pressure failed to predict the observed flow patterns at the higher value of the mass velocity used in the present study. The map of Kattan et al. predicted the data well over the entire region of mass velocity selected in the present study. The measured pressure drop increased with an increase in vapor quality and mass velocity. A new two-phase multiplier was developed from a dimensional analysis of the frictional pressure drop data measured in the present experiment. This new multiplier was found successfully to correlate the frictional pressure drop.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- D :
-
Diameter [m]
- f :
-
Friction factor
- g :
-
Acceleration due to gravity [m/s2]
- G :
-
Mass velocity [kg/m2s]
- Fr :
-
Liquid Froude number
- L :
-
Tube length [m]
- P :
-
Pressure drop [Pa]
- Re :
-
Reynolds number
- x :
-
Vapor quality
- Xtt :
-
Martinelli parameter in Eq. (8)
- We :
-
Weber number
- μ :
-
Viscosity [Pas]
- ρ :
-
Density [kg/m3]
- σ :
-
Surface tension [N/m]
- ϕ :
-
Two-phase frictional multiplier
- a :
-
Acceleration
- f :
-
Frictional
- fo :
-
Total flow assumed as liquid
- l :
-
Liquid
- TP :
-
Two phase
- υ :
-
Vapor
References
Baker, O., 1954, “Simultaneous Flow of Oil and Gas,”Oil and Gas J., Vol. 53, pp. 185–190.
Collier, J. G. and Thome, J. R., 1994, “Convective Boiling and Condensation,” 3rd Edition. Oxford University Press, London.
Friedel, L., 1979, “Improved Friction Pressure Drop Correlations for Horizontal and Vertical Two-Phase Pipe Flow,” European Two-phsae Flow Group Meeting, Ispra, Italy, Paper E2, June, Vol. 18, pp. 485–492.
Hosier, E. R., 1968, “Flow Patterns in High Pressure Two Phase (Steam-Water) Flow with Heat Addition,”AIChE Symp. Ser., Vol. 64, pp. 54–66.
Jung, D. S. and Radermacher, R., 1989, “Prediction of Pressure Drop during Horizontal Annular Flow Boiling of Pure and Mixed Refrigerants,”Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 32, pp. 2435–2446.
Kattan, N., Thome, J. R. and Favrat, D., 1995b, “R-502 and Two Near-Azeotropic Altern-atives,” Part II: Two-Phase Flow Patterns,ASHRAE Trans., Vol. 101, pp. 509–519.
Nishiumi, H., and Saito, S., 1977, “Correlation of the Binary Interaction Parameter of the Modified Generalized BWR Equation of State,”J. Chem. Eng. Japan, Vol. 10, pp. 176–180.
Reid, R. C., Prausnitz, J. M. and Sherwood, T. K., 1977, “The Properties of Gases and Liquids,” 3rd Edn., McGraw-Hill, New York.
VDI-Warmeatlas, 1993, “Heat Transfer to Boiling Saturated Liquids,” VDI Heat Atlas, Chapter Hbbl. Dusseldorf, Germany: VDI- Verlag GmbH (in English).
Wambsganss, M. W., Jendrzejczyk, J. A. and France, D. M., 1991, “Two-Phase Flow Pattern and Transition in a Small, Horizontal Rectangular Channel,”Int. J. Multiphase Flow, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 327–342.
Wang, C. C., Ching, C. C. and Lu, D. C., 1997, “Visual Observation of Two-Phase Flow Pattern of R22, R134a, and R407C in a 6.5-mm Smooth Tube,” Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci. Vol. 15, pp. 395–405.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lim, T.W. Flow pattern and pressure drop of pure refrigerants and their mixture in horizontal tube. J Mech Sci Technol 19, 2289–2295 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02916469
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02916469