Abstract
Textiles have traditionally been employed over the centuries with great utility in areas as diverse as fashion through to technical textiles. In all these instances the textile itself has been a structural element that once fabricated has limited utility beyond the intended structural and aesthetic application. In recent years there has been a shift towards the incorporation of electronic systems into textile structures. The new paradigm for textiles is the development of systems that not only provide the more traditional aspects of textiles but expands upon this to provide a unique capability to transmit and store information and energy. More importantly these next generation materials will be capable of responding to external stimuli, modifying features of the textile in a direct response to its working environment. A potential route to truly functional electronic textiles is through the application of conducting polymers.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
D. Meoli and T. May-Plumlee,J. Text. Apparel Tech. Management,2(2), 1 (2002).
S. Park and S. Jayaraman,MRS Bulletin,28(8), 585 (2003).
B. J. Munro, T. E. Campbell, J. R. Steele, and G. G. Wallace in “Intelligent Textiles and Clothing” (H. Mattila Ed.), pp.50–470, CRC Press Boston and Woodhead Publishing Ltd., Cambridge, England, 2006.
G. G. Wallace, G. M. Spinks, L. A. P. Kane-Maguire, and P. R. Teasdale in “Conductive Electroactive Polymers: Intelligent Material Systems”, 2nd ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2003.
Y. Wu, D. Zhou, G. M. Spinks, P. C. Innis, W. M. Megill, and G. G. Wallace,Smart Material Structures,14, 1511 (2005).
A. E. Khalki, A. Gruger, and P. Colomban,Synthetic Metals,139, 215 (2003).
S. J. Pomfret, P. N. Adams, N. P. Comfort, and A. P. Monkman,Adv. Mater.,10(16), 1351 (1998).
X. Wang, H. Schreuder-Gibson, M. Downey, S. Tripathy, and L. Samuelson,Synthetic Metals,107, 117 (1999).
J. Yang, S. M. Burkinshaw, J. Zhou, A. P. Monkman, and P. J. Brown,Adv. Mater.,15(13), 1081 (2003).
D. Yang and B. R. Mattes,Synthetic Metals,101, 746 (1999).
B. R. Mattes, H. L. Wang, and D. Yang, “Proceedings of the Society of Plastic Engineers Annual Technical Conference”, Technical Papers, Volume XLIII, p.1463, 1997.
B. R. Mattes, H. L. Wang, D. Yang, Y. T. Zhu, W. R. Blumenthal, and M. F. Hundley,Synthetic Metals,84(1–3), 45 (1997).
V. Mottaghitalab, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2006.
A. P. Chacko, S. S. Hardaker, R. V. Gregory, and R. J. Samuels,Synthetic Metals,84, 41 (1997).
S. J. Pomfret, P. N. Adams, N. P. Comfort, and A. P. Monkman,Polymer,41(6), 2265 (1999).
V. Mottaghitalab, G. M. Spinks, and G. G. Wallace,Synthetic Metals,152(1–3), 77 (2005).
V. Mottaghitalab, G. M. Spinks, and G. G. Wallace,Polymer,47, 4996 (2006).
Q. Zhang, X. Wang, D. Chen, and X. Jing,J. Appl. Polym. Sci.,85, 1458 (2002).
C.-H. Hsu, H. Shih, S. Subramoney, and A. J. Epstein,Synthetic Metals,101, 677 (1999).
W.-P. Lee, K. R. Brenneman, C.-H. Hsu, H. Shih, and A. J. Epstein,Macromolecules,34, 2648 (2001).
R. Fryczkowski, W. Binias, J. Farana, B. Fryczkowska, and A. Wlochowicz,Synthetic Metals,145, 195 (2004).
H. Okuzaki and M. Ishihara,Macromol. Rapid Commun.,24, 261 (2003).
T. Takahashi, M. Ishihara, and H. Okuzaki,Synthetic Metals,152, 73 (2005).
S. Li, C. W. Macosko, and H. S. White,Science,259, 957 (1993).
S. Li and H. S. White,J. Electro. Soc.,140(9), 2473 (1993).
S. Li, C. W. Macosko, and H. S. White,Adv. Mater.,5(7/8), 575 (1993).
S. N. Bhadani, S. K. Sen Gupta, G. C. Sahu, and M. Kumari,J. Appl. Polym. Sci.,61, 207 (1996).
S. N. Bhadani, M. Kumari, S. K. Sen Gupta, and G. C. Sahu,J. Appl. Polym. Sci.,64, 1073 (1997).
S. N. Tan and H. Ge,Polymer,37(6), 965 (1996).
P. Xue and X. M. Tao,J. Appl. Polym. Sci.,98, 1844 (2005).
H. H. Kuhn and W. C. Kimbrell,US Patent, 4803096 (1989).
R. V. Gregory, W. C. Kimbrell, and H. H. Kuhn,Synthetic Metals,28, C823 (1989).
R. V. Gregory, W. C. Kimbrell, and H. H. Kuhn,J. Coated Fabrics,20, 167 (1991).
H. H. Kuhn in “Intrinsically Conducting Polymers: An Emerging Technology” (M. Aldissi Ed.), pp.25–34, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands, 1993.
R. V. Gregory, W. C. Kimbrell, and K. K. Kuhn, “Electronic Material Processes”, 3rd International SAMPE Electronic Conference, p.570, 1989.
S. P. Armes, S. Gottesfeld, S. G. Berry, F. Garson, C. Mombourquette, M. Hawley, and K. K. Kuhn,J. Mater. Chem.,1, 525 (1991).
W. Liu, L. Ashok, R. Nagarajan, J. Kumar, S. Tripathy, F. F. Bruno, and L. Samuelson,J. Am. Chem. Soc.,121(49), 11345 (1999).
L. Samuelson, W. Liu, R. Nagarajan, J. Kumar, F. F. Bruno, A. Cholli, and S. Tripathy,Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng.,83, 546 (2000).
F. F. Bruno, L. A. Samuelson, R. Sucharita, K. Ramaswamy, J. Kumar, D. Ziegler, and M. Sennett, “Abstracts of Papers 224th ACS National Meeting”, American Chemical Society, Boston, United States, 2002.
G. L. Yuan and N. Kuramoto,Chemistry Letters,5, 544 (2002).
S. J. Choi and S. M. Park,Adv. Mater.,12(20), 1547 (2000).
G. L. Yuan and N. Kuramoto,Macromol. Chem. Phy.,205, 1744 (2004).
S. Uemura, T. Shimakawa, K. Kusabuka, T. Nakahira, and N. Kobayashi,J. Mater. Chem.,11, 267 (2001).
S. A. Ashraf, B. V. Holcombe, P. C. Innis, M. G. Looney, G. G. Wallace, and P. J. Waters,Australian Patent, 2003903431 (2003).
S. A. Ashraf, B. V. Holcombe, P. C. Innis, M. G. Looney, G. G. Wallace, and P. J. Waters, “Abstract ICSM”, Wollongong, Australia, 2004.
S. N. Bhadani, S. K. Sen Gupta, G. C. Sahu, and M. Kumari,J. Appl. Polym. Sci.,61, 207 (1996).
S. W. Tan and H. Ge,Polymer,37, 965 (1996).
D. Abraham, A. Bharati, and A. Subramanyam,Polymer,23, 5295 (1996).
M. Nouri, M. H. Kish, A. A. Entezami, and M. Edrisi,Iranian Polymer Journal,9, 1 (2000).
A. Kaynak, L. Wang, C. Hurren, and X. Wang,Fibers and Polymers,3(1), 24 (2002).
S. N. Bhadani, M. Kumari, S. K. S. Gupta, and G. C. Sahu,J. Appl. Polym. Sci.,64, 1073 (1997).
S. N. Bhadani, M. Kumari, G. C. Sahu, and S. K. Sen Gupta,J. Polym. Mater.,14(4), 291 (1997).
H. Ryuji, H. Masaru, and S. Masamitsu,J. Appl. Polym. Sci.,87, 1073 (2003).
G. G. Wallace, P. C. Innis, and L. A. P. Kane-Maguire in “Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology” (S. Nalwa Ed.), Vol. 4, pp.113–130, American Scientific Publishers, 2004.
M. Wan in “Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology” (S. Nalwa Ed.), Vol. 2, pp.153–169, American Scientific Publishers, 2004.
D. Kim, J. Choi, J-Y. Kim, Y-K. Han, and D. Sohn,Macromolecules,35, 5314 (2002).
M. G. Han, S. K. Cho, S. G. Oh, and S. S. Im,Synthetic Metals,126, 53 (2002).
J. Huang and R. B. Kaner,Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.,43, 5817 (2004).
D. Li and R. B. Kaner,Chem. Commun., 3286 (2005).
D. Li and R. B. Kaner,J. Am. Chem. Soc.,128, 968 (2006).
F. Masdarolomoor, P. C. Innis, S. Ashraf, R. B. Kaner, and G. G. Wallace,Macromol. Rapid Comm.,27, 1995 (2006).
J. Wu and G. G. Wallace, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, unpublished results.
D. Pede, G. Serra, and D. De Rossi,Mat. Sci. Eng.,C5, 89 (1998).
J. P. Hart and S. A. Wring,TrAc.,16, 89 (1997).
K. Gilleo, “Polymer Thick Films”, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1996.
Z. Bao and A. J. Lovinger,Chem. Mater.,11, 2607 (1999).
F. Garnier, R. Hajlaoui, A. Yassar, and P. Srivastava,Science,265, 1684 (1994).
G. Gustafsson, Y. Cao, G. M. Treacy, F. Klavetter, N. Colaneri, and A. J. Heeger,Nature,357, 477 (1992).
J. A. Rogers and Z. Bao,J. Polym. Sci.: Part A, Polym. Chem.,40, 3327 (2002).
T. R. Hebner, C. C. Wu, D. Marcy, M. H. Lu, and J. C. Sturm,Appl. Phys. Lett.,72, 519 (1998).
S. Magdassi and M. Ben Moshe,Langmuir,19, 939 (2003).
A. Sawhney, A. Agrawal, P. Patra, and P. Calvert,Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc.,920, 103 (2006).
D. C. Trivedi and S. K. Dhawan,J. Mater. Chem.,2(10), 1091 (1992).
A. D. Child and A. R. DeAngelis,US Patent, 6001749 (1999).
H. H. Kuhn, A. D. Child, and W. C. Kimbrell,Synthetic Metals,71, 2139 (1995).
R. Jolly, C. Petrescu, J. C. Thieblemont, J. C. Marechal, and F. D. Menneteau,J. Coated Fabrics,23, 228 (1994).
J. Y. Lee, D. W. Park, and J. O. Lim,Macromol. Res.,11(6), 481 (2003).
S. S. Hardaker and R. V. Gregory,MRS Bulletin,28(8), 564 (2003).
R. H. Baughman,Synthetic Metals,78(3), 339 (1996).
M. R. Gandhi, P. Murray, G. M. Spinks, and G. G. Wallace,Synthetic Metals,13(1–2), 185 (1995).
E. Smela and N. Gadeguard,Adv. Mater.,11, 953 (1999).
T. Scott, G. G. Wallace, and G. M. Spinks,Australian Patent, 03/01138 (2003).
G. M. Spinks, G. G. Wallace, L. Liu, and D. Zhou, “Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings”, pp.5–16, 2002.
M. A. El-Sherif, J. Yuan, and A. MacDiarmid,Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures,11, 407 (2000).
G. E. Collins and L. J. Buckley,Synthetic Metals,78, 93 (1996).
H. L. Schreuder-Gibson, Q. Truong, J. E. Walker, J. R. Owens, J. D. Wander, and W. E. Jones,MRS Bulletin,28(8), 574 (2003).
R. Francesconi, A. Mazzoldi, P. Orsini, D. De Rossi in “Sensors and Microsystems, Proceedings of the 4th Italian Conference on Sensors and Microsystems” (Di Natale C. and D’Amico A. Eds.), World Scientific Publishing Co., Singapore, 2000.
D. De Rossi, A. Della Santa, and A. Mazzoldi,Mater. Sci. Eng.,C7, 31 (1999).
G. G. Wallace, D. Zhou, J. Steele, G. M. Spinks, and P. C. Innis,International Patent, WO 03/01 4684 (2001).
B. J. Munro, J. R. Steele, T. E. Campbell, and G. G. Wallace in “Wearable eHealth Systems for Personalised Health Management” (A. Lymberis and D. de Rossi Eds.), Vol. 108, pp.271–277, IOS Press, 2004.
B. J. Munro, J. Steele, and G. G. Wallace,J. Sci. Med. Sport,5, 10 (2002).
J. Ding, L. Liu, G. M. Spinks, D. Zhou, and G. G. Wallace,Synthetic Metals,138, 391 (2003).
G. M. Spinks, T. E. Campbell, and G. G. Wallace,Smart Materials and Structures,14, 406 (2005).
W. Lu, A. G. Fadeev, B. Qi, E. Smela, B. R. Mattes, J. Ding, G. M. Spinks, J. Mazurkiewicz, D. Zhou, D. R. MacFarlane, S. A. Forsyth, M. Forsyth, and G. G. Wallace,Science,297, 983 (2002).
E. Smela, W. Lu, and B. R. Mattes,Synthetic Metals,151, 25 (2005).
M. Inhet Panhuis,J. Mater. Chem.,16, 3598 (2006).
G. M. Spinks, V. Mottaghitalab, M. Bahrami-Samani, and P. G. Whitten,Adv. Mater.,18, 637 (2006).
M. Zhang, K. R. Atkinson, and R. H. Baughman,Science,306, 1358 (2004).
J. G. Killian, B. M. Coffey, F. Gao, T. O. Poehler, and P. C. Searson,J. Electrochem. Soc.,143, 936 (1996).
J. Wang, C. Y. Wang, C. O. Too, and G. G. Wallace,Journal of Power Sources,161, 1458 (2006).
C. Y. Wang, A. M. Ballantyne, S. B. Hall, C. O. Too, D. L. Officer, and G. G. Wallace,Journal of Power Sources,156, 610 (2006).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wallace, G.G., Campbell, T.E. & Innis, P.C. Putting function into fashion: Organic conducting polymer fibres and textiles. Fibers Polym 8, 135–142 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02875782
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02875782