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Hybridization between Gp. Tuberosum Haploids and 1EBN wild potato species

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Abstract

Diploid wild potato species, classified as 1EBN (Endosperm Balance Number), do not cross with tetraploid or diploid forms ofS. tuberosum Gp. Tuberosum. The crossing of 2n pollen producing 1EBN clones as well as chromosome-doubled 1EBN clones with Gp. Tuberosum haploids was initiated to overcome this hybridization barrier. The screening of eleven 1EBN species,S. brachistotrichum, S. bulbocastanum, S. cardiophyllum, S. chancayense, S. commersonii, S. etuberosum, S. fernandezianum, S. jamesii, S. mochicense, S. pinnatisectum andS. trifidum, resulted in the identification of 2n pollen producers in eight of the species examined. Direct hybridization with Gp. Tuberosum haploids utilizing the above-mentioned crossing scheme was successful withS. chancayense andS. commersonii. The hybrids obtained, however, were male and female sterile. Abnormal microsporogenesis in the hybrids was postulated to be the result of an interaction between Gp. Tuberosum cytoplasm and nuclear genes contributed by the 1EBN male parent. Analyses of the growth of 1EBN species’ pollen tubes in the stigma/style of Gp. Tuberosum haploids were also conducted. Interspecific incompatibilities were observed with the most severe forms found with the use of species in the Series Etuberosa. The use of the Endosperm Balance Number theory can aid in designing crosses which overcome barriers to successful endosperm development. Sterilities in the hybrids obtained as well as interspecific incompatibilities will also need to be addressed, however, before 1EBN species germplasm can be successfully utilized for the improvement of the cultivated potato.

Compendio

Especies silvestres diploides de papa, clasificadas como 1EBN (Número de Balance del Endosperma), no se cruzan con las formas tetraploides o diploides deS. tuberosum Gp. Tuberosum. Se inició el cruzamiento de clones 1EBN productores de polen 2n, al iguao que el de clones 1EBN con cromosomas doblados, con haploides del Gp. Tuberosum, para eliminar esta bar rera a la hibridación. La evaluatión y selectión de once especies 1EBN,S. brachistotrichum, S. bulbocastanum, S. cardiophyllum, S. chancayense, S. commersonni, S. etuberosum, S. fernandezianum, S. jamesii, S. mochicense, S. pinnatisectum yS. trifidum, dió por resultado la identificatión de productores de polen 2n en ocho de las especies examinadas. La hibridación directa con haploides del Gp. Tuberosum utilizando los sistemas de cruzamientos mencionados anteriormente fue exitosa conS. chancayense yS. commersonii. Sin embargo, los híbridos obtenidos fueron totalmente estériles. Se supone que la microesporogenesis anormal en los híbridos es el resultado de una interaction entre el citoplasma del Gp. Tuberosum y los genes nucleares pertenecientes al progenitor masculino 1EBN. Se condujeron también análisis del crecimiento de los tubos polínicos de las especies 1EBN en el estigma/estilo de los haploides del Gp. Tuberosum. Se observaron incompatibilidades interespecíficas con las formas más severas encontradas con el uso de especies en la Serie Etuberosa. El uso de la teoría del Número de Balance del Endosperma puede servir para diseñar cruzamientos que superen las barreras para el desarrollo exitoso del endosperma. Sin embargo, la esterilidad de los híbridos obtenidos, al igual que las incompatibilidades interespecíficas, necesitarán también ser corregidas antes que el germoplasma de especies 1EBN pueda ser exitosamente utilizado para el mejoramiento de la papa cultivada.

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Novy, R.G., Hanneman, R.E. Hybridization between Gp. Tuberosum Haploids and 1EBN wild potato species. American Potato Journal 68, 151–169 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02853896

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