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New forms of the Dirac equation

Новые формы уравнени я Дирака

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Il Nuovo Cimento B (1971-1996)

Summary

A new form of the Dirac equation is derived, in which the wave function is a 2 × 2 matrix, rather than a 4-component column vector (or bispinor). The matrix has a simple physical interpretation as a Lorentz transformation from a local rest frame in which the spin vector has an assigned value. The equation is of first order, contains only 2 × 2 matrices and is simply related to the standard, 2-spinor equations. In another version, the equation is written in terms of a 4-velocity and a 2-spinor. The formalisms give natural, relativistic generalizations of the Madelung-de Broglie interpretation of the Schrödinger equation.

Riassunto

Si deriva una nuova forma dell’equazione di Dirac nella quale la funzione d’onda è una matrice 2 × 2 piuttosto che un vettore di colonna a quattro componenti (o bispinore). La matrice ha una semplice interpretazione fisica come trasformazione di Lorentz da un sistema locale in riposo nel quale il vettore spinoriale ha un valore assegnato. L’equazione è di prim’ordine, contiene solo matrici 2 × 2 ed è semplicemente in relazione con le equazioni bispinoriali standard. In un’altra versione, l’equazione è scritta in termini di una quadrivelocità e di un bispinore. I formalismi danno generalizzazioni naturali relativistiche dell’interpretazione di Madelung-de Broglie dell’equazione di Schrödinger.

Резюме

Выводится новая форм а уравнения Дирака, в которой волновая функция является мат рицей 2х2, а не 4-компонен тным вектором (или биспино ром). Эта матрида имеет про стую физическую инте рпретацию, как преобразование Лоренца из локальной покоящейся системы, в которой вектор спина имеет за данное значение. Полученное уравнение является у равнением первого порядка, соде ржит только матрицы 2 х 2 и св язано простым образо м со стандартными спинор ными уравнениями. В другом варианте, уравнение записывается в терми нах 4-скорости и 2-спинора. Развитые фор мализмы допускают ес тественные релятивистские обобщения интерпрет ации Маделунга-де Бро йля уравнения Шредингер а.

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Rastall, P. New forms of the Dirac equation. Nuov Cim B 101, 479–494 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02828925

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02828925

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