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Proliferation and apoptosis in the evolution of endemic and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related Kaposi's sarcoma

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Abstract

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a multifocal lesion that occurs predominantly in the skin, most frequently in people infected with HIV-1, and that evolves through early stages (patch and plaque) to a tumor-like late stage (nodular). Both, endemic African (EKS) and AIDS-associated (AKS) KS expressed human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) as shown by PCR. By immunohistochemistry the expression of cellular Bcl-2 and c-myc was confined in early stages of both EKS and AKS to relatively few endothelial cells (EC) whereas in nodular KS most of spindle cells (SC) strongly expressed both genes. CD40 was usually strongly expressed in SC at all KS stages as well as in EC of non-involved tissue whereas CD40L (CD154) was not demonstrable. Fas (CD95) was moderately to weakly expressed by SC whereas p53 and Waf-1 were found in less than 5% of the SC. In both AKS and EKS at nodular stage almost no apoptotic SC were detected. In most AKS and EKS low levels of cell proliferation were seen but AKS showed consistently higher values compared to EKS. All clinical types and stages of KS showed a diploid cellular DNA content by flow cytometric analysis of microselected lesions. Thus, we conclude that KS during evolution represents diploid, probably reactive, cell proliferation, which progressively increases the expression of strong cellular and also viral (HHV-8) antiapoptotic factors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Immunopathology Laboratory, Institute for Pathology and Oncology, S171 76, Stockholm, Sweden

    E Kaaya, E Castaños-Vélez, M Ekman, AI Catrina, L Andersson & P Biberfeld

  2. Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, S17 76, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania

    E Kaaya & J Kitinya

  3. Department of Radiobiology, Karolinska Institute/Hospital, S171 76, Stockholm, Sweden

    T Heiden

  4. Immunopathology Laboratory, Institute for Pathology and Oncology, Karolinska Institute/Hospital, S171 76, Stockholm, Sweden

    P Biberfeld

Authors
  1. E Kaaya
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  2. E Castaños-Vélez
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  3. T Heiden
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  4. M Ekman
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  5. AI Catrina
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  6. J Kitinya
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  7. L Andersson
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  8. P Biberfeld
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to P Biberfeld.

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These authors have contributed equally to this work.

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Kaaya, E., Castaños-Vélez, E., Heiden, T. et al. Proliferation and apoptosis in the evolution of endemic and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related Kaposi's sarcoma. Med Oncol 17, 325–332 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02782199

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02782199

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