Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Four families in preon model

  • Published:
Il Nuovo Cimento A (1965-1970)

Summary

We account for the number of families of quarks and leptons by considering a composite model of preon. The doublets are composed of preons and antipreons. From theC, P, T transformation and theSU(2)L×U(1) gauge theory, it is shown that there are just four families and, moreover,CP is violated in each family.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. A. Boesgaard andG. Steigman:Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys.,23, 319 (1985).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. D. Schramm:Proceedings of the International Symposium for the Fourth Family of Quarks and Leptons, February 26–28, Santa Monica, Cal., Annals of the New York Academy of Science,518, edited byD. B. Cline andA. Soni (New York, N.Y., 1987), p. 92.

  3. A. Davidson, K. C. Wali andP. Mannheim:Phys. Rev. Lett,45, 1135 (1980).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. J. Bagger andS. Dimopoulos:Nucl. Phys. B,244, 247 (1984).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. H. Sugawara:Phys. Rev. D,30, 2396 (1984).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. H. Goldberg:New Particles 1985, edited byV. Barger, D. Cline andF. Halzen (World Scientific, Singapore, 1986), p. 119.

    Google Scholar 

  7. S. Pakvasa:New Particles 1985, edited byV. Barger, D. Cline andF. Halzen (World Scientific, Singapore, 1986), p. 242.

    Google Scholar 

  8. E. A. Paschos:Proceedings of the International Symposium for the Fourth Family of Quarks and Leptons, February 26–28, Santa Monica, Cal., Annals of the New York Academy of Science,518, edited byD. B. Cline andA. Soni (New York, N.Y., 1987), p. 245.

  9. A. Datta andE. A. Paschos:CP Violation, edited byC. Jarlskog (World Scientific, Singapore, 1989), p. 292.

    Google Scholar 

  10. J. C. Pati andA. Salam:Phys. Rev. D,10, 275 (1974).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. H. Terazawa, Y. Chikashige andK. Akama:Phys. Rev. D,15, 480 (1977).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. S. L. Glashow: Harvard preprint HUTP-77/A005, unpublished (1977).

  13. Y. Ne'eman:Phys. Lett. B,82, 69 (1979).

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. G.'t Hooft:Jerusalem Einstein Centennial Symposium on Gauge Theories & Unification of Physical Forces, edited byY. Ne'eman (Addison, Jerusalem, 1979).

    Google Scholar 

  15. H. Harari:Phys. Lett. B,86, 83 (1979).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. M. A. Shupe:Phys. Lett. B,86, 87 (1979).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. M. Sekine:Int. J. Theor. Phys.,24, 701 (1985).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Y. Okamoto, K. Sugita andM. Sekine:Int. J. Theor. Phys.,31, 2003 (1992).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. S. L. Glashow:Nucl. Phys.,22, 579 (1961);S. Weinberg:Phys. Rev. Lett.,19, 1264 (1967);A. Salam:Elementary Particle Theory: Relativistic Group and Analyticity, edited byN. Svartholm (Almqvist & Wiksells, Stockholm, 1968).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. K. Sugita, Y. Okamoto andM. Sekine:Nuovo Cimento A,105, 1051 (1992).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sun Techno College, Ryuo-cho, Nakakoma-gun, 1999-5, Yamanashi, Japan

    K. Sugita

  2. Department of Electrical Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Tsudanuma, 2-17-1, Narashino-shi, Chiba, Japan

    Y. Okamoto

  3. Department of Applied Electronics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, 4259, Yokohama, Japan

    M. Sekine

Authors
  1. K. Sugita
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Y. Okamoto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. Sekine
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sugita, K., Okamoto, Y. & Sekine, M. Four families in preon model. Nuov Cim A 106, 771–775 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02771492

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02771492

PACS 11.30.Er

PACS 12.15.Ji

PACS 12.50.Ch

Search

Navigation