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On the Pursey-Pauli invariants in the theory of beta decay

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Il Nuovo Cimento (1955-1965)

Summary

The assumption of a vanishing neutrino mass leads to a group of transformations on the neutrino field which transform the Β-decay interaction into equivalent interactions. By physical observations one cannot distinguish between equivalent interactions. The results of observations can be expressed in terms of nuclear matrix elements and combinations of the coupling constants which are invariant under the group. These invariants have recently been put forward by Pursey and on a more general basis by Pauli. They are explored further in this paper. Their mathematics is studied and relations between them are established. The conditions for invariance with respect to reflections in space, charge conjugation, and time reversal are expressed in terms of these invariants. Interactions which conserve lepton charge and/or couple to only two components of the neutrino field are characterized by relations between the invariants. (For a reader who does not want to follow the detailed arguments the main results are summarized in the last section.) In the Appendix possible experiments on Β-decay are expressed in terms of the invariants.

Riassunto

L’ipotesi di una massa del neutrino tendente a zero porta a un gruppo di trasformazioni del campo neutrinico che trasformano l’interazione di decadimento Β in interazioni equivalenti. Con osservazioni fisiche non è possibile distinguera fra interazioni equivalenti I risultati d’osservazione possono esprimersi in termini di elementi di matrici nucleari e di combinazioni delle costanti di accoppiamento che sono invarianti nel gruppo. Questi invarianti sono stati recentemente proposti da Pursey e messi su una base più generale da Pauli. Essi sono ulteriormente esaminati nel presente lavoro. Se ne studia la matematica e se ne stabiliscono le mutue relazioni. Le condizioni per l’invarianza rispetto alle riflessioni nello spazio, alla coniugazione delia carica, e all’inversione del tempo si esprimono in termini di questi invarianti. Le interazioni che conservano la carica leptonica e/o si acooppiano a due sole componenti del oampo neutrinico sono caratterizzate da relazioni fra le invarianti. (Per il lettore che non desideri seguire gli argomenti dettagliati i risultati principali sono riassunti nell’ultimo paragrafo). Nell’appendice i possibili esperimenti sul decadimento Β si esprimono in termini degli invarianti.

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This work was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission.

Fulbright Grantee on leave of absence from Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Göttigen, Germany.

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Lüders, G. On the Pursey-Pauli invariants in the theory of beta decay. Nuovo Cim 7, 171–189 (1958). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02744196

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02744196

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