Summary
It is proved that a simple system composed of a pure substance, at its triple point, can exchange energy while passing through stable-equilibrium states at constant volume and temperature, and, therefore, represents a heat reservoir with finite mass. Moreover, it is proved that the behaviour of a pair of identical simple systems composed of the same substance, each in a state of the triple point, requires a slight modification of some recent statements of the second law of thermodynamics.
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This definition refers to heat reservoirs without internal walls. The definition could be easily extended to the case of the presence of internal walls, but such an extension is unnecessary. With this definition, a system with an internal wall can form, at most, a pair of heat reservoirs in neutral stable equilibrium.
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Zanchini, E., Barletta, A. Finite-mass heat reservoirs and the second law. Nuov Cim B 110, 1245–1258 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02724614
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02724614