Summary
A rigorous deduction of the thermodynamic-equilibrium condition is provided for a homogeneous, uncharged and linear dielectric fluid contained in an electrostatic field. Contrary to the previous ones, this deduction does not postulate the existence of a mechanical stress tensor and of a body force density in the polarized fluid. Then, the equilibrium condition is employed to obtain the mass density distribution of the fluid and to present a correct proof of the well-known formula for the attractive force between the plates of a plane-parallel capacitor immersed in the fluid.
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Barletta, A., Zanchini, E. Thermodynamic equilibrium in dielectric fluids. Il Nuovo Cimento D 16, 189–203 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02451701
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02451701