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Mathematical programming approaches to the synthesis of chemical process systems

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Abstract

This paper presents a review of advances that have taken place in the mathematical programming approach to process design and synthesis. A review is first presented on the algorithms that are available for solving MINLP problems, and its most recent variant, Generalized Disjunctive Programming models. The formulation of superstructures, models and solution strategies is also discussed for the effective solution of the corresponding optimization problems. The rest of the paper is devoted to reviewing recent mathematical programming models for the synthesis of reactor networks, distillation sequences, heat exchanger networks, mass exchanger networks, utility plants, and total flowsheets. As will be seen from this review, the progress that has been achieved in this area over the last decade is very significant.

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Heat Exchanger Networks

  • Athier, G., Floquet, P., Pibouleau, L. and Domenech, S., “Synthesis of Heat Exchanger Networks by Simulated Annealing and NLP Procedures,”AIChE J.,43, 3007 (1997).

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  • Cerda, J. and Westerberg, A. W., “Synthesizing Heat Exchanger Networks Having Restricted Stream/Stream Matches Using Transportation Problem Formulation,”Chem. Eng. Sci.,38, 1723 (1983).

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  • Ciric, A. R. and Floudas, C. A., “Comprehensive Optimization Model of the Heat Exchanger Network Retrofit Problem,”Heat Recovery Systems & CHP,10, 407 (1990).

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  • Ciric, A. R. and Floudas, C. A., “Heat Exchanger Network Synthesis without Decomposition,”Computers and Chem. Eng,15, 385(1991).

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  • Colberg, R. D. and Morari, M., “Area and Capital Cost Targets for Heat Exchanger Network Synthesis with Constrained Matches and Unequal Heat Transfer Coefficient,”Comp. Chem. Eng,14, 1 (1990).

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  • Daichendt, M. M. and Grossmann, I. E., “A Preliminary Screening-Procedure for MINLP Heat-Exchanger Network Synthesis Using Aggregated Models,”Chemical Engineering Research and Design,72, 357 (1994a).

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  • Duran, M. A. and Grossmann, I. E., “Simultaneous Optimization and Heat Integration of Chemical Processes”AIChE J.,32, 592 (1986a).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Floudas, C. A., Ciric, A. R. and Grossmann, I. E., “Automatic Synthesis of Optimum Heat Exchanger Network Configurations,”AIChE J.,32, 276 (1986).

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  • Galli, M. A. and Cerda, J., “A Customized MILP Approach to the Synthesis of Heat Recovery Networks Reaching Specified Topology Targets,”Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,37, 2479 (1998).

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  • Gundersen, T., Duvold, S. and Hashemi-Ahmady, A., “An Extended Vertical MILP Model for Heat Exchanger Network Synthesis,”Suppl. Comp. Chem. Eng.,20, S97 (1996).

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  • Gundersen, T. and Grossmann, I. E., “Improved Optimization Strategies for Automated Heat Exchanger Network Synthesis through Physical Insights,”Comp. Chem. Eng.,14, 925 (1990).

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  • Gundersen, T. and Naess, L., “The Synthesis of Cost Optimal Heat Exchanger Networks. An Industrial Review of the State of the Art,”Comp. Chem. Eng.,12, 503 (1988).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lang, Y D., Biegler, L. T. and Grossmann, I. E., “Simultaneous Optimization and Heat Integration with Process Simulators,”Comp. Chem. Eng.,12, 311 (1988).

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  • Linnhoff, B., “Pinch Analysis-A State of the Art Overview”Trans. Icheme.,71(A), 503 (1993).

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  • Linnhoff, B., Mason, D. R. and Wardol, I., “Understanding Heat Exchanger Networks,”Comp. Chem. Eng.,3, 295 (1979).

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  • Linnhoff, B. and Hindmarsh, E., “The Pinch Design Method of Heat Exchanger Networks,”Chem. Eng. Sci.,38, 745 (1983).

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  • Nielsen, J. S., Hansen, M. W. and Joergensen, S., “Heat Exchanger Network Modelling Framework for Optimal Design and Retrofitting, Suppl.,”Comp. Chem. Eng.,20, S249 (1996).

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  • Papalexandri, K. P. and Pistikopoulos, E. N., “A Multiperiod MINLP Model for the Synthesis of Heat and Mass Exchange Networks,”Comp. Chem. Eng.,18(12), 1125 (1994).

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  • Papalexandri, K. P. and Pistikopoulos, E. N., “Synthesis and Retrofit Design of Operable Heat Exchanger Networks. 1. Flexibility and Structural Controllability Aspects,”Comp. Chem. Eng.,33, 1718(1994).

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  • Papalexandri, K. P. and Pistikopoulos, E. N., “Synthesis and Retrofit Design of Operable Heat Exchanger Networks. 2. Dynamics and Control Structure Considerations,”Comp. Chem. Eng.,33, 1738(1994).

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  • Papoulias, S. A. and Grossmann, I. E., “A Structural Optimization Approach in Process Synthesis. Part II: Heat Recovery Networks,”Computers and Chemical Engineering,7, 707 (1983).

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  • Quesada, I. and Grossmann, I. E., “Global Optimization Algorithm for Heat Exchanger Networks,”Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,32, 487 (1993).

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  • Yee, T. F. and Grossmann, I. E., “Simultaneous Optimization Models for Heat Integration, II: Heat Exchanger Network Synthesis,”Comput. chem. Engng,14, 1165 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yee, T. and Grossmann, I. E., “A Screening and Optimization Approach for the Optimal Retrofit of Heat Exchanger Networks,”Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,30,146 (1991).

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  • Yee, T. F., Grossmann, I. E. and Kravanja, Z., “Simultaneous Optimization Models for Heat Integration. III. Optimization of Process Flowsheets and Heat Exchanger Networks,”Computers and Chemical Engineering,14, 1185 (1990).

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  • Zamora, J. M. and Grossmann, I. E., “A Comprehensive Global Optimization Approach for the Synthesis of Heat Exchanger Networks with No Stream Splits,”Computers and Chemical Engineering,21, S65 (1997).

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  • Zamora, J. and Grossmann, I. E., “A Global MINLP Optimization Algorithm for the Synthesis of Heat Exchanger Networks with No Stream Splits,”Computers and Chemical Engineering,22, 367 (1998).

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  • Zhu, X. X., O’Neill, B. K., Roach, J. R. and Wood, R. M., “A New Method for the Synthesis of Heat Exchanger Networks Using Area-targeting Approaches,”Comp. Chem Eng.,19, 197(1995).

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  • Zhu, X. X., “Automated Design Method for Heat Exchanger Network Using Block Decomposition and Heuristic Rules,”Comp. Chem. Eng,21,1095 (1997).

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Mass Exchange Networks

  • Alva-Argaez, A. A., Kokossis, C. and Smith, R., “Wastewater Minimization of Industrial Systems Using an Integrated Approach,”Comput. Chem. Eng.,22, S5741 (1998).

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  • Bagajewicz M. J. and Manousiouthakis, V., “Mass/Heat-Exchange Network Representation of Distillation Networks,”AIChE J.,38(11), 1769(1992).

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  • Chang, C. and Hwang, J., “A Multiobjective Programming Approach to Waste Minimization in the Utility Systems of Chemical Processes,”

  • Dantus, M. M. and High, K. A., “Economic Evaluation for the Retrofit of Chemical Processes through Waste Minimization and Process Integration,”Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,35, 4566 (1996).

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  • Dunn, R. F., Zhu, M., Srinivas, B. K. and El-Halwagi, M. M., “Optimal Design of Energy Induced Separation Networks for VOC Recovery,”AIChE Symp. Sen,90(303), 74 (1995).

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  • Dye, S. R., Berry, D. A. and Ng, K. M., “Synthesis of Crystallization-Based Separation Schemes,”AIChE Symp. Ser.,91 (304), 238 (1995).

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  • El-Halwagi, M. M. and Manousiouthakis, V., “Automatic Synthesis of Mass Exchange Networks with Simple Component Targets,”Chem. Eng Sci.,45(9), 2813 (1990a).

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  • El-Halwagi, M. M. and Manousiouthakis, V., “Design and Analysis of Mass Exchange Networks with Multicomponent Targets,” Paper 137f. AIChE Meeting San Francisco (1989b).

  • El-Halwagi, M. M. and Manousiouthakis, V., “Simultaneous Synthesis of Mass-Exchange and Regeneration Networks,”AIChE J.,36(8), 1209 (1990b).

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  • El-Halwagi, M. M. and Manousiouthakis, V., “Synthesis of Mass Exchange Networks,”AIChE J.,35(8), 1233 (1989a).

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  • El-Halwagi, M. M., Srinivas, B. K. and Dunn, R. F., “Synthesis of Optimal Heat Induced Separation Networks,”Chem. Eng. Sci.,50, 81(1995).

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  • El-Halwagi, M. M., Hamad, A. A. and Garrison, G. W., “Synthesis of Waste Interception and Allocation Networks,”AIChE J.,42(11), 3087 (1996).

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  • El-Halwagi, M. M., “Pollution Prevention through Process Integration,” Academic Press, San Diego CA (1997).

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  • El-Halwagi, M. M. and Srinivas, B. K., “Synthesis of Reactive Mass Exchange Networks,”Chem. Eng. Sci.,47(8), 2113 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El-Halwagi, M. M., “Synthesis of Optimal Reverse-Osmosis Networks for Waste Reduction,”AIChE J.,38(8), 1185 (1992).

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  • El-Halwagi, M. M., El-Halwagi, A. M. and Manousiouthakis, V., “Optimal Design of Dephenolization Networks for Petroleum-Refinery Wastes,”Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng.,70, Part B, 131(1992).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Galan, B. and Grossmann, I. E., “Optimal Design of Distributed Wastewater Treatment Networks,”Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,37 (10), 4036 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garrison, G. W, Cooley, B. L. and El-Halwagi, M. M., “Synthesis of Mass Exchange Networks with Multiple Target Mass Separating Agents,”Dev. Chem. Eng. Min. Proc.,3(1), 31 (1995).

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  • Gupta, A. and Manousiouthakis, V., “Minimum Utility Cost of Mass Exchange Networks with Single Component Variable Supplies and Targets,”Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,32(7), 1937 (1993).

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  • Gupta, A. and Manousiouthakis, V., “Variable Target Mass-Exchange Network Synthesis Through Linear Programming,”AIChE J.,42(2), 1326 (1996).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta, A. and Manousiouthakis, V., “Waste Reduction Through Multicomponent Mass Exchange Network Synthesis,”Comput. Chem. Eng.,18, S585 (1994).

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  • Huang, Y L. and Edgar, T. F., “Knowledge Based Design Approach for the Simultaneous Minimization of Waste Generation and Energy Consumption in a Petroleum Refinery. Waste Minimization Through Process Design,” Rossiter, A. P. ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 181 (1995).

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  • Huang, Y L. and Fan, L. T., “Intelligent Process Design and Control In-Plant Waste Minimization. Waste Minimization Through Process Design,” Rossiter, A. P. ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 165 (1995).

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  • Kuo, W C. J. and Smith, R., “Effluent Treatment System Design,”Chem. Eng Sci.,52(23), 4273 (1997).

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  • Lakshmanan, A. and Biegler, L. T., “Reactor Network Targeting for Waste Minimization,”AIChE Symp. Ser,90(303), 128 (1995).

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  • Lee, S. and Park, S., “Synthesis of Mass Exchange Network Using Process Graph Theory,”Comput. Chem. Eng.,20, S201 (1996).

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  • Papalexandri, K. P. and Pistikopoulos, E. N., “A Multiperiod MINLP Model for the Synthesis of Heat and Mass Exchange Networks,”Comp. Chem. Eng.,18(12), 1125 (1994).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Papalexandri, K. P. and Pistikopoulos, E. N., “A Process Synthesis Modeling Framework Based on Mass/Heat Transfer Module Hyperstructure,”Comp. Chem. Eng.,19, S71 (1995).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Papalexandri, K. P. and Pistikopoulos, E. N., “Generalized Modular Representation Framework for Process Synthesis,”AIChE J.,42(4), 1010(1996).

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  • Papalexandri, K. P., Pistikopoulos, E. N. and Floudas, C. A., “Mass Exchange Networks for Waste Minimization: A Simultaneous Approach,”Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng.,72, Part A, 279 (1994).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Richburg, A. and El-Halwagi, M. M., “A Graphical Approach to the Optimal Design of Heat-Induced Separation Networks for VOC Recovery,”AIChE Symp Sen,91(304), 256 (1995).

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  • Srinivas, B. K. and El-Halwagi, M. M., “Optimal Design of Pervaporation Systems for Waste Reduction,”Comp. Chem. Eng.,17(10), 957 (1993).

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  • Srinivas, B. K. and El-Halwagi, M. M., “Synthesis of Combined Heat Reactive Mass Exchange Networks,”Chem. Eng. Sci.,49(13), 2059 (1994b).

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  • Srinivas, B. K. and El-Halwagi, M. M., “Synthesis of Reactive Mass Exchange Networks with General Nonlinear Equilibrium Functions,”AIChE J.,49(3), 463 (1994a).

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  • Wang, Y. P. and Smith, R., “Design of Distributed Effluent Treatment Systems”Chem. Eng Sci.,49(18), 3127 (1994).

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  • Wang, Y. P. and Smith, R., “Wastewater Minimization with Flowrate Constraints,”Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng.,73, Part A, 889 (1995).

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  • Wang, Y P. and Smith, R., “Wastewater Minimization,”Chem. Eng Sci.,49(7), 981 (1994a).

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  • Wilson, S. and Manousiothakis, V., “Minimum Utility Cost for a Multicomponent Mass Exchange Operation,”Chem. Eng. Sci,53(22), 3887 (1998).

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  • Zhu, M. and El-Halwagi, M. M., “Synthesis of Flexible Mass Exchange Networks,”Chem. Eng. Commun.,138,193 (1995).

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  • Zhu, M. and El-Halwagi, M. M., “Synthesis of Flexible Separation Networks for Waste Management,” AIChE Meeting, San Francisco (1994).

Utility Systems

  • Bruno, J. C., Fernandez, F., Castells, F. and Grossmann, I. E., “A Rigorous MINL Model for the Optimal Synthesis and Operation of Utility Plants,”Trans IChemE,76A, 246 (1998).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chang, C. T. and Hwang, J. R., “A Multiobjetive Programming Approach to Waste Minimization in the Utility Systems of Chemical Processes,”Chem. Eng. Sci.,51, 3951 (1996).

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  • Colmenares, T. R. and Seider, W. D., “Synthesis of Utility Systems Integrated with Chemical Processes,”Ind. Chem. Eng. Res.,28, 84 (1989).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Diaz, M. S. and Bandoni, J. A., “A Mixed Integer Optimization Strategy for a Large Scale Chemical Plant in Operation,”Cornput. Chem. Eng,20, 531 (1996).

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  • Hui, C. W. and Natori, Y., “An Industrial Application Using Mixed-Integer Programming Technique: A Multirperiod Utility System Model,”Comput. Chem. Eng,20, sl577 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iyer, R. R. and Grossmann, I. E., “Optimal Multi-period Operational Planning for Utility Systems,”Comput. Chem. Eng.,21, 787 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaliventzeff, B., “Mixed-Integer Non Linear Programming and its Applications to the Management of Utility Networks,”Eng Opt.,18, 183(1991).

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  • Maia, L O. A. and Qassim, R. Y., “Synthesis of Utility Systems with Variable Demands Using Simulated Annealing,”Comput. Chem. Eng,21(9), 947 (1997).

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  • Maia, L. O. A., Vidal de Carvalho, L. A. and Qassim, R. Y., “Synthesis of Utility Systems by Simulated Annealing,”Comput. Chem. Eng,19(4), 481 (1995).

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  • Marechal, F. and Kaliventzeff, B., “Effect Modeling and Optimization, a New Methodology for Combining Energy and Environment Synthesis of Industrial Processes,”Applied Thermal Engineering,17(8-10), 981(1997b).

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  • Marechal, F. and Kaliventzeff, B., “Heat a Power Integration a MILP Approach for Optimal Integration of Utility Systems,” Proc. 22nd Symp. European Working Party of Use of Computers in Chemical Engineering,” COPE’91, Barcelona (1991).

  • Marechal, F. and Kaliventzeff, B., “Identify the Optimal Pressure Levels in Steam Networks Using Integrated Combined Heat and Power Method,”Chem. Eng. Sci.,52(17), 981 (1997a).

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  • Marechal, F. and Kaliventzeff, B., “Process Integration: Selection of the Optimal Utility System,”Comput. Chem. Eng.,22, sl49 (1998).

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  • Marechal, F. and Kaliventzeff, B., “Targeting the Minimum Cost of Energy Requirements : a New Graphical Technique for Evaluating the Integration of Utility Systems,”Comput. Chem. Eng, s225 (1996).

  • Mavromatis, S. P. and Kokossis, A. C., “Conceptual Optimization of Utility Networks for Operational Variations. I: Targets and Level Optimization,”Chem. Eng Sci.,53(8), 1585 (1998a).

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  • Mavromatis, S. P. and Kokossis, A. C., “Conceptual Optimization of Utility Networks for Operational Variations. II: Network Development and Optimization,”Chem. Eng. Sci.,53(8), 1609 (1998b).

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  • Papoulias, S. A. and Grossmann, I. E., “A Structural Optimization Approach in Process Synthesis. I: Utility Systems,”Comput. Chem. Eng.,7, 695 (1983).

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  • Petroulas, T. and Reklaitis, G. V., “Computer Aided Synthesis and Design of Plant Utility Systems,”AIChE J.,30, 69 (1984).

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  • Wilkendorf, F., Espuña, A. and Puigjaner, L., “Minimization of the Annual Cost for Complete Utility Systems,”Trans IChemE,76A, 239 (1998).

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Process Flowsheets

  • Bandoni, J. A. and Diaz, M. S., “A Mixed Integer Optimization Strategy for a Large Scale Chemical Plant in Operation,”Comp. Chem. Eng,20, 531 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bandoni, J. A., Diaz, M. S. and Brignole, E. A., “Automatic Design and Optimization of Natural Gas Plants,”Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,36, 2715 (1997).

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  • Bieczczad, J., Koulouris, A., Geurts, K. and Stephanopoulos, G., “Model. LA. A Phenomena-Based Modeling Language for Process Systems Engineering,” presented in 1998 AIChE Annual Meeting, Miami, FL.

  • Daichendt, M. M. and Grossmann, I. E., “Preliminary Screening for the MINLP Synthesis of Process Systems I: Aggregation and Decomposition Techniques,”Comput. Chem. Engng,18, 663 (1994b).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Daichendt, M. M. and Grossmann, I. E., “Integration of Hierarchical Decomposition and Mathematical Programming for the Synthesis of Process Flowsheets,”Computers and Chemical Engineering,22, 147 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Diwekar, U. M., Grossmann, I. E. and Rubin, E. S., “MINLP Process Synthesizer for a Sequential Modular Simulator”Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,31, 313 (1992a).

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  • Diwekar, U. M., Frey, C. M. and Rubin, E. S., “Synthesizing Optimal Flowsheets. Application to IGCC System Environmental Control,”Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,31, 1927 (1992b).

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  • Douglas, J. M., “Conceptual Design of Chemical Process,” McGraw-Hill (1988).

  • Douglas, J. M., “Synthesis of Multistep Reaction Processes,” In Foundations of Computer-Aided Design, Cache-Elsevier, Amsterdam (1990).

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  • Duran, M.A. and Grossmann, I. E., “Simultaneous Optimization and Heat Integration of Chemical Processes,”AIChE J.,32, 123 (1986).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duran, M. A. and Grossmann, I. E., “A Mixed-integer Nonlinear Programming Algorithm for Process Systems Synthesis,”AIChE J.,32, 592 (1986b).

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  • Fonyo, Z. and Mizsey, P., “A Global Approach to the Synthesis and Preliminary Design of Integrated Total Flowsheets,” AIChE Annual Meeting, Chicago (1990).

  • Fraga, E. S., “The Automated Synthesis of Complex Reaction/ Separation Processes Using Dynamic Programming,”Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng,74A, 249 (1996).

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  • Friedler, F., Tarjan, K., Huang, Y. W. and Fan, L. T., “Graph-theoretic Approach to Process Synthesis: Polynomial Algorithm for Maximal Structure Generation,”Comp. Chem. Eng.,17, 929 (1993).

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  • Friedler, F., Kovacs, Z. and Fan, L. T., “Parametric Study of Separation Network Synthesis: Extreme Properties of Optimal Structures,”Suppl. Comp. Chem. Eng,19, 107 (1995).

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  • Friedler, F., Verga, J. B. and Fan, L. T., “Algorithmic Approach to the Integration of Total Flowsheet Synthesis and Wase Minimization,”Chem. Eng Sci.,50, 1218 (1995).

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  • Gani, R., Hytoft, G., Jaksland, C. and Jensen A. K., “An Integrated Computer Aided System for Integrated Design of Chemical Processes,”Comp. Chem. Eng,21, 1135 (1997).

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  • Grossmann, I. E., “Mixed-Integer Programming Approach for the Synthesis of Integrated Process Flowsheets”Comp. Chem. Eng.,9,463(1985).

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  • Grossmann, I. E., “MINLP Optimization Strategies and Algorithms for Process Synthesis,” In Foundations of Computer-Aided Design, Cache-Elsevier, Amsterdam (1990a).

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  • Grossmann, I. E., “Mixed-integer Nonlinear Programming Techniques for the Synthesis of Engineering Systems,”Res. Eng. Des.,1, 205 (1990b).

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  • Grossmann, I. E., “Mixed-Integer Optimization Techniques for Algorithmic Process Synthesis,”Advances in Chemical Engineering,23,Process Synthesis, 171 (1996).

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  • Grossmann, I. E. and Daichendt, M. M., “New Trends in Optimization-based Approaches for Process Synthesis,”Computers and Chemical Engineering,20, 665 (1996).

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  • Grossmann, I. E., Yeomans, H. and Kravanja, Z., “A Rigorous Disjunctive Optimization Model for Simultaneous Flowsheet Optimization and Heat Integration,”Computers and Chemical Engineering,22, S157 (1998).

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  • Harsh, M. G., Saderne, P. and Biegler, L. T., “Mixed Integer Flowsheet Optimization Strategy for Process Retrofits. The Debottlenecking Problem,”Computers and Chemical Engineering,13, 947 (1989).

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  • Johns, W. D. and Romero, D., “Automated Generation and Evaluation of Process Flowsheets,”Comp. Chem. Eng.,3, 251 (1979).

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  • Kirkwood, R. L., Locke, M. H. and Douglas, J. M., “A Prototype Expert System for Synthesizing Chemical Process Flowsheets,”Comp. Chem. Eng,12, 329 (1988).

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  • Kocis, G. R. and Grossmann, I. E., “Relaxation Strategy for the Structural Optimization of Process Flow Sheets,”Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,26, 1869 (1987).

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  • Kocis, G. R. and Grossmann, I. E., “A Modeling and Decomposition Strategy for the MINLP Optimization of Process Flowsheets,”Comput. Chem. Engng.,13, 797 (1989).

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  • Kravanja, Z. and Grossmann, I. E., “PROSYN, An MINLP Process Synthesizer,”Comput. Chem. Engng.,14, 1363 (1990).

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  • Kravanja, Z. and Grossmann, I. E., “PROSYN-An Automated Topology and Parameter Process Synthesizer”Computers and Chemical Engineering,17, S87 (1993).

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  • Kravanja, Z. and Grossmann, I. E., “New Developments and Capabilities in PROSYN-An Automated Topology and Parameter Process Synthesizer”Computers Chem. Engng,18, 1097 (1994).

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  • Kravanja, Z. and Grossmann, I. E., “A Computational Approach for the Modelling/Decomposition Strategy in the MINLP Optimization of Process Flowsheets with Implicit Models,”Ind. Eng. Chem. Research,35, 2065 (1996).

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  • Kravanja, Z. and Grossmann, I. E., “Multilevel-hierarchical MINLP Synthesis of Process Flowsheets,”Computers and Chemical Engineering 21, S421 (1997).

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  • Papalexandri, K. P. and Pistikopoulos, E. N., “A Process Synthesis Modeling Framework Based on Mass/Heat Transfer Module Hyperstructure,”Comp. Chem. Eng.,19, S71 (1995).

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  • Papalexandri, K. P. and Pistikopoulos, E. N., “Generalized Modular Representation Framework of Process Synthesis,”AIChE J.,42, 1010(1996).

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  • Rippin, D. W. T., “Introduction: Approaches to Chemical Process Synthesis,” in Foundations of Computer-Aided Design, Siirola, J. J., Grossmann, I. E. and Stephanopoulos, G. (eds.) Cache-Elsevier, Amsterdam (1990).

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  • Schembecker, G., Simmrock, K. H. and Wolff, A., “Synthesis of Chemical Process Flowsheets by Means of Cooperating Knowledge Integrating Systems,” Institution of Chemical Engineers Symposium Series,” 133 (1994).

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  • Smith, E. M. B. and Pantelides, C. C., “Design of Reaction/Separation Networks using Detailed Models,”Suppl. Comp. Chem. Eng.,19, S83(1995).

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  • Stephanopoulos, G. and Westerberg, A. W., “Studies in Process Synthesis. II. Evolutionary Synthesis of Optimal Process Flowsheets,”Chem. Eng Sci.,31, 195 (1976).

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  • Turkay, M. and Grossmann, I. E., “Logic-Based MINLP Algorithms for the Optimal Synthesis of Process Networks,”Comp. Chem. Eng.,20, 959 (1996a).

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  • Turkay, M. and Grossmann, I. E., “Disjunctive Optimization Techniques for the Optimization of Process Systems with Discontinuous Investment Costs. Multiple Size Regions,”Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,35, 2611 (1996b).

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  • Turkay, M. and Grossmann, I. E., “Structural Flowsheet Optimization with Complex Investment Cost Functions, ”Computers and Chemical Engineering,22, 673 (1998).

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  • Yeomans, H. and Grossmann, I. E., “A Systematic Modeling Framework of Superstructure Optimization in Process Synthesis,” accepted for publication (1998).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 15213, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Ignacio E. Grossmann, Jose Antonio Caballero & Hector Yeomans

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  1. Ignacio E. Grossmann
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  2. Jose Antonio Caballero
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  3. Hector Yeomans
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Correspondence to Ignacio E. Grossmann.

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Grossmann, I.E., Caballero, J.A. & Yeomans, H. Mathematical programming approaches to the synthesis of chemical process systems. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 16, 407–426 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02698263

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