Abstract
The relationship between the strength (σc) of unidirectional fiber-reinforced plastics in different stressed states and the interfacial strength of their components is investigated. The shear adhesive strength (τ0) of fiber—matrix joints determined by the pull-out technique is used as a measure of the interfacial strength. To obtain the correlation curves betweenσc andτ0, the experimental results are used, where both the plastic and adhesive strength change under the influence of a single factor. In this case, such factors are the fiber surface treatment, nature and composition of polymer matrices, and test temperature. It is shown that the strength of the glass, carbon, and boron plastics increases practically linearly with increased interfacial strength. Such a behavior is observed in any loading conditions (tension, shear, bending, and compression). Sometimes, a small (10–20%) increase in the adhesive strength induces a significant (50–70%) growth in the material strength. Therefore, the interface is the “weak link” in these composites. The shape of theσc—τ0 curves for composites based on the high-strength and high-modulus aramid fibers and different thermoreactive matrices depends on the nature of the fiber and the type of stress state. In many cases, the composite strength does not depend on the interfacial strength. Then, the fiber itself is the “weak link” in these composites.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Yu. A. Gorbatkina, Adhesive Strength in Polymer—Fiber Systems [in Russian], Khimiya, Moscow (1987).
Yu. A. Gorbatkina, Adhesive Strength of Fiber—Polymer Systems, Ellis Horwood, New York—London (1992).
J. P. Favre and M.-C. Marrienne, “Characterization of fiber/resin bonding in composites using a pull-out test,” Int. J. Adhesion Adhesives,1, No. 6, 311–316 (1981).
V. A. Dovgyalo, S. F. Zhandarov, and E. V. Pisanova, “Determination of adhesive strength in a thermoplastic-resin—thin-fiber system,” Mech. Compos. Mater.,26, No. 1, 6–9 (1990).
B. Miller, P. Muri, and L. Rebenfeld, “A microbond method for determination of the shear strength of a fiber/resin interface,” Compos. Sci. Technol.,28, 17–32 (1987).
U. Gaur and B. Miller, “Microbond method for determination of the shear strength of a fiber/resin interface: evaluation of experimental parameters,” Compos. Sci. Technol.,34, 35–51 (1989).
L. L. Qian, F. A. Bruce, J. J. Kellar, and R. M. Winter, “An instrument for testing interfacial shear strength in polymer matrix composites,” Meas. Sci. Technol.,6, 1009–1016 (1995).
N. Narisawa and H. Oba, “An evaluation of acoustic emission from fiber-reinforced composites,” J. Mater. Sci.,19, 1777–1786 (1984).
V. P. Tamuzh, Yu. G. Korabel’nikov, I. A. Rashkovan, A. A. Karklin’sh, Yu. A. Gorbatkina, and T. Yu. Zakharova, “Determination of scale dependence of strength of fibrous fillers and evaluation of their adhesion to the matrix, based on results of tests of elementary fibers in a polymer block,” Mech. Compos. Mater.,27, No. 4, 413–418 (1991).
H. D. Wagner and L. W. Steenbakkers, “Microdamage analysis of fibrous composite monolayers under tensile stress,” J. Mater. Sci.,24, 3956–3975 (1989).
Yu. A. Gorbatkina, Yu. G. Korabel’nikov, V. P. Tamuzh, T. Yu. Zakharova, I. A. Rashkovan, and A. A. Karklin’sh, “Some characteristics of the use of the acoustic emission method in the study of the fragmentation of single fibers in a polymer matrix,” Mech. Compos. Mater.,29, No. 6, 540–545 (1993).
J. F. Mandell, D. H. Grande, T.-H., and F. G. McGarry, “Modified microbonding test for direct in situ fiber/matrix bond strength determination in fiber composites,” in: Composite Materials: Test. and Des. (7th Conf.) (1986), pp. 87–108.
M. Narkis, E. J. H. Chen, and R. B. Pipes, “Review of methods for characterization of interfacial fiber—matrix interactions,” Polym. Compos.,9, 245–251 (1988).
P. J. Herrera-Franco and L. T. Drzal, “Comparison of methods for the measurement of fiber/matrix adhesion in composites,” Composites,23, No. 6, 2–27 (1992).
M. R. Piggott, P. S. Chua, and D. Andison, “The interface between glass and carbon fibers and thermosetting polymers,” Polym. Compos.,6, 242–248 (1985).
H. L. Cox, “The elasticity and strength of paper and other fibrous materials,” Brit. J. Appl. Phys.,3, No. 3, 72–79 (1952).
A. Kelly and N. H. Macmillan, Strong Solids. 3d ed., Clarendon Press, Oxford (1986).
G. A. Budnitskii, “Basic directions of development of science and industry in the field of chemical fibers of the third generation,” Chem. Fibers, No. 2, 11–21 (1981).
G. M. Gunyaev, Structure and Properties of Polymer Fibrous Composites [in Russian], Khimiya, Moscow (1981).
Yu. A. Gorbatkina, V. A. Pankratov, Ts. M. Frenkel, A. G. Chernyshova, and A. E. Shvorak, “Thermostable adhesives based on monomers with CN-multiple bonds,” J. Adhes. Sci. Technol.,11, No. 1, 113–126 (1997).
V. A. Pankratov, Ts. M. Frenkel, A. E. Shvorak, T. M. Babchinitser, Yu. A. Gorbatkina, and L. V. Puchkov, “Effect of parameters of heterophase structure on the properties of isocyanurate-rubber copolymers and CFRP based on them,” Vysokomol. Soed.,35A, No. 7, 803–807 (1993).
G. S. Shul’, Yu. A. Gorbatkina, and G. P. Mashinskaya, “Effect of the chemical nature of the matrix on the strength of bonds with Armos aramide fibers,” Mech. Compos. Mater.,34, No. 3, 285–294 (1998).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Submitted to the 11th International Conference on Mechanics of Composite Materials (Riga, June 11–15, 2000).
Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 36, No. 3, pp. 291–304, May–June, 2000.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gorbatkina, Y.A. Correlation between the strength of fiber-reinforced plastics and the adhesive strength of fiber—Matrix joints. Mech Compos Mater 36, 169–176 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02681867
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02681867