Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Computer analysis of phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of cryolite based systems: Part II. The AIF3-CaF2-LiF, AIF3-CaF2-NaF, and CaF2-LiF-NaF systems

  • Published:
Metallurgical Transactions B Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A computer-assisted critical analysis of available phase diagrams and thermodynamic data of the ternary AlF3-CaF2-NaF, AlF3-CaF2-LiF, and CaF2-NaF-LiF systems up to 30 mol pct A1F3, as well as of all binary subsystems was performed. Optimized mathematical expressions for the thermodynamic properties of all phases were obtained. In the case of the binary mixtures, the use of the F0rland equivalent fractions was shown to reduce the number of coefficients needed to represent analytically the enthalpies of mixing. The Conformai Ionic Solution Theory was applied with success to describe the thermodynamic properties of these ternary charge-asymmetrical systems. The binary and ternary phase diagrams were calculated and compared, wherever possible, with experimental investigations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M.-L. Saboungi, P.L. Lin, P. Cerisier, and A.D. Pelton:Metall. Trans. B, 1980, 11 B, p. 493.

    Google Scholar 

  2. M.-L. Saboungi and M. Blander:High Temp. Sci., 1974, 6, p. 37.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. T. F0rland: “Properties of Some Mixtures of Fused Salts”, Norg. Tek. Vitenskapsakad, ser., 2, no. 4, 1955.

  4. M.-L. Saboungi and M. Blander:J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 63, p. 212.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. P.L. Lin, C.W. Bale, and A.D. Pelton: Calculation of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry of Alloy Phases, Conf. Proc. AIME, Milwaukee, September 1979, Y. A. Chang and J.F. Smith, eds., American Institute of Metallurgical Engineers, p. 26.

  6. P. L. Lin, A. D. Pelton, and C. W. Bale:J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1979, 62, p. 414.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. T. Foosnaes, T. 0stvold, and H. A. 0ye:Acta Chem. Scand. A, 1978, 32, p. 973.

    Google Scholar 

  8. M.-L. Saboungi and M. Blander:J. Am. Ceram. Soc, 1975, 58, p. 1.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. M.-L. Saboungi and P. Cerisier:J. Electrochem. Soc, 1974, 121, p. 1258.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. C. W. Bale, A. D. Pelton, and W. T. Thompson: Ecole Polytechnique, Montreal, Quebec, 1981, unpublished research.

  11. J. Lumsden: “Thermodynamics of Molten Salt Mixtures”, Academic Press, New York, NY, 1966, pp. 183-85.

  12. JANAF Thermochemical Tables, 2nd ed., U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1971.

  13. K.C. Hong and O.J. Kleppa:High Temp. Sci., 1976, 8, p. 299.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. K.C. Hong and O.J. Kleppa:J. Phys. Chem., 1978, 82, p. 176.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. J.L. Holm:High Temp. Sci., 1974, 6, p. 16.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. E. W. Dewing:Metall. Trans., 1972, 3, p. 2699.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. E. W. Dewing:Metall. Trans., 1978, 9B, p. 687.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. O.J. Kleppa and K.C. Hong:J. Phys. Chem., 1974, 78, p. 1478.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. W.E. Roake:J. Electrochem. Soc, 1957, 104, p. 661.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. I. Kostenska, J. Vrbenska, and M. Malinovsky:Chem. Zvesti, 1974, 28, p. 531.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. C. J. Barton, L. M. Bratchev, and W. R. Grimes: in “Phase Diagrams of Nuclear Reactor Materials”, R. E. Thoma, ed., Oak Ridge Natl. Lab., 1959, ORNL 2548, p. 29.

  22. S. Cantor:J. Phys. Chem., 1961, 65, p. 2208.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. G. A. Bukhalova, K. Sulaimankulov, and A. K. Bostandzhiyou:Russ J. Inorg. Chem., 1959, 4, p. 516.

    Google Scholar 

  24. D. L. Deadmore and J. S. Machin:J. Phys. Chem., 1960, 64, p. 825.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. J. Vrbenska and M. Malinovsky:Chem. Zvesti, 1967, 21, p. 819.

    Google Scholar 

  26. P. P. Fedotieff and W. P. Iljinskii:Z. Anorg. u. Allgem. Chem., 1923, 129, p. 93.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. J.L. Holm:Acta Chem. Scand., 1965, 19, p. 1512.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. M. Malinovsky, J. Vrbenska, and I. Cakajdova:Chem. Zvesti, 1969, 23, p. 35.

    Google Scholar 

  29. M. A. Kuvakin and E. N. Eustifeev:Russ. J. Inorg. Chem., 1973, 18, p. 147.

    Google Scholar 

  30. J. Millet, H. Pham, and M. Rolin:Rev. Int. Hautes Temp. Refract., 1974, 11, p. 277.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. D.F. Craig and J.F. Brown, Jr.:J. Am. Ceram. Soc, 1977, 60, p. 396.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. J.L. Holm:Acta Chem. Scand., 1968, 22, p. 1004.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. M. Verdan and R. Monnier:Rev. Int. Hautes Temp. Refract., 1972, 9, p. 205.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. D.F. Craig, R.T. Cassidy, and J.J. Brown, Jr.: “Proceedings of Applications of Phase Diagrams in Metallurgy and Ceramics”, NBS, SP-496, 1977, p. 272.

  35. H. Pfundt and H. Zimmerman:Erzmetall., 1972, 25, p. 564.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. H. Rolin:Bull Soc. Chim. (France), 1961, p. 1351.

  37. D.F. Craig and J.J. Brown, Jr.:J. Am. Ceram. Soc, 1980, 63, p. 254.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. K. Grjotheim: “Contribution to the Theory of Aluminum Electrolysis”, Kgl. Norske Videnskabers Selskabs Skrifter, no. 5, Trondheim, Norway, 1956.

  39. A. Fenerty and E. A. Hollingshead:J. Electrochem. Soc., 1960, 107, p. 993.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. K. Matiasovsky and M. Malinovsky:Chem. Zvesti, 1960, 14, p. 353.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. K. Grjotheim, C. Krohn, M. Malinovsky, K. Matiasovsky, and J. Thonstad: “Aluminium Electrolysis: The Chemistry of the Hall-Héroult Process” Aluminium-Verlag GmbH, Dusseldorf, 1977.

  42. E.W. Dewing:Trans. TMS-AIME, 1969, 245, p. 1829.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgical Engineering, are both at Ecole PolytechniqueMontréal, H3C 3A7, Québec, Canada

    P. L. Lin (Research Associate) & A. D. Pelton (Professor)

  2. Chemical Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratories, 60439, Argonne, IL

    M. L. Saboungi (Chemist)

Authors
  1. P. L. Lin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. D. Pelton
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. L. Saboungi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lin, P.L., Pelton, A.D. & Saboungi, M.L. Computer analysis of phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of cryolite based systems: Part II. The AIF3-CaF2-LiF, AIF3-CaF2-NaF, and CaF2-LiF-NaF systems. Metall Trans B 13, 61–69 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02666956

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02666956

Keywords

Search

Navigation