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HPLC analysis of phenolic antioxidants, tocopherols and triglycerides

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Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society

Abstract

Triglycerides, together with nine synthetic phenolic antioxidants most commonly used to prevent oxidation of edible oils and fats, as well as the natural antioxidants tocopherols andα-tocopherol acetate, were separated by high performance liquid chromatography by means of a reversed phase C18-column and gradient elution with water/acetonitrile/methanol/isopropanol. Besides dilution of the oil with isopropanol/hexane, no further example preparation was required. UV detection was applied. The synthetic antioxidants propyldodecylgallate, octyldodecylgallate, dodecylgallate, 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisol,tert-butylhydroquinone, 3,5-di-terf-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxymethyl-phenol, 2,4,5-trihydroxybutyrophenone and nordihydro-quaiaretic acid, as well asα- andδ-tocopherol andα-tocopherol acetate were base-line separated;β- andγ-tocopherol, however, eluted together. The triglycerides, detected at λ = 215 nm, were separated according to then-partition number. The absorption at λ = 215 nm revealed saturated and unsaturated triglycerides. The absorption at λ = 280 nm indicated triglycerides with conjugated unsaturation, relating information about refining and heat treatment of the oil. Oxidized unsaturated triglycerides showed absorption at γ = 230 nm. Triglycerides of ricinoleic acid, a hydroxymonoun-saturated acid, gave identical UV spectra. The simultaneous detection of antioxidants and triglycerides may be used to study inhibition effects by antioxidants in oils.

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Author notes

  1. N. K. Andrikopoulos

    Present address: Social Security Foundation (IKA), GR-10241, Athens, Greece

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Swiss Federal Laboratory for Materials Testing and Research (EMPA), St. Gallen, CH-9001, Switzerland

    N. K. Andrikopoulos, H. Brueschweiler, H. Felber & Ch. Taeschler

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  1. N. K. Andrikopoulos
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  2. H. Brueschweiler
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  3. H. Felber
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  4. Ch. Taeschler
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Andrikopoulos, N.K., Brueschweiler, H., Felber, H. et al. HPLC analysis of phenolic antioxidants, tocopherols and triglycerides. J Am Oil Chem Soc 68, 359–364 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02663750

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02663750

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