Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Microstructural effects of heat treatment on the bond interface of explosively welded metals

  • Published:
Metallurgical Transactions Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The microstructure and composition of the interface of nickel-to-copper, copper-to-steel, and tantalum-to-steel explosion welds which had been subjected to heat treatments between 500° and 1100°C was investigated by electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis. The results confirmed that explosive welding establishes continuous and practically diffusionless metallurgical bonds. Diffusion induced by heat treatment causes characteristic microstructural changes along the bond zone which depend on the type of binary phase diagram to which the specimen belongs. The diffusion penetration in nickel explosively welded to copper is noticeably more extensive than in the similar electroplated couple. In all three metal pairs the diffusion rate varies cyclically along the weld interface. These latter effects appear to be related to the unique concentration and distribution of lattice defects characterizing explosively bonded metals.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. G. R. Cowan and A. H. Holtzman:J Appl. Phys., 1963, vol. 34, pp. 1928–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. A. H. Holtzman and G. R. Cowan: Welding Research Council Bulletin, 1965, no. 104, pp. 1–21.

  3. A. H. Holtzman:High Energy Rate Working of Metals. Proceedings of NA TO Advance Study Institute, vol. 2, pp. 489–516, Central Institute for Industrial Research, Oslo, Norway, 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  4. W. Klein:Z. Metallic., 1965, vol. 36, pp. 261–67.

    Google Scholar 

  5. A. S. Bahrani and B. Crossland:Proc. Inst. Mech. Engrs. London, 1964-65, vol. 179, pp. 3–20.

    Google Scholar 

  6. G. Buck and E. Hornbogen:Metallwissenschaft Tech., 1966, vol. 20, pp. 9–21.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. W. Lucas, J. D. Williams, and B. Crossland: Proc, Second Intern. Conf. of the Center for High Energy Forming, Estes Park, Colo., 1969, vol. 2, pp. 8.1.1-37.

  8. L. F. Trueb:Trans. TMS-AIME, 1968, vol. 262, pp. 1057–65.

    Google Scholar 

  9. A. S. Bahrani, T. J. Black and B. Crossland:Proc. Roy. Soc, 1967, vol. A296, pp. 123–38.

    Google Scholar 

  10. J. W. Colby: Magic-A Computer Program for Quantitative Electron Microprobe Analysis., Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., Allentown, Pa.

  11. M. Hansen:Constitution of Binary Alloys, p. 580, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1958.

    Google Scholar 

  12. L. F. Trueb:J Appl. Phys., 1969, vol. 40, pp. 2976–87.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. V. H. Winchell: Doctoral Thesis, University of Denver, June 1970.

  14. W. Jost: Diffusion in Solids, Liquids, Gases, p. 218, Academic Press. New York, 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  15. H.B. Aaron and H. K. Birnbaum:Acta Met., 1965, vol. 13. pp. 205–12.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. W. L. Bradley and M. A. Wilkov:Proc, Third Natl. Conf. on Electron Probe Microanalysis, Chicago, Ill., Paper No. 13. Electron Probe Analysis Society of America, Chicago, Ill., 1968.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Denver Research Institute, Metallurgy and Materials Science Division, University of Denver, Denver, Colo

    Lucien F. Trueb (Research Metallurgist)

Authors
  1. Lucien F. Trueb
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Trueb, L.F. Microstructural effects of heat treatment on the bond interface of explosively welded metals. Metall Trans 2, 145–153 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02662650

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02662650

Search

Navigation