Abstract
A modified Pitzer’s model[6] has been applied to the representation of the activities of various species in chloride solutions of lead (II). The parameters associated with the representation were the formation constants of four lead chlorocomplexes as well as Pitzer’s interaction parameters. [7] They were determined by treatment of a data base composed of experimental solubilities of lead in NaCl, NH4C1, and HC1 solutions at 25 °C. The root mean square (rms) relative deviations obtained for the representation of the experimental solubilities were 7.8 pct, 5.6 pct, and 5.6 pct for the three systems, respectively. The extension of the model to solubilities in a NaClO4-NaCl solution at an apparent ionic strength of 4 mol/kg water gives a rms relative deviation of 8.9 pct if one parameter involving the perchlorate anion is adjusted. A data treatment of experimental solubilities at other temperatures (from 13 °C to 100 °C) for the systems PbCl2-NaCl-H2O and PbCl2-NH4Cl-H2O has been made to determine the temperature derivatives of Pitzer’s parameters involving complexed ions as well as the variation of solubility and complexation constants with temperature. The resulting rms relative deviation is 9.8 pct.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
D.M. Muir, D.C. Gale, A.J. Parker, and D.E. Giles:Proc. Australas. Int. Min. Metall., 1976, vol. 23, pp. 23–33.
J.O. Nriagu and G.M. Anderson:Chem. Geol., 1971, vol. 7, pp. 171–83.
K.G. Tan, K. Bartels, and P.L. Bedard:Hydrometallurgy, 1987, vol. 17, pp. 335–56.
R.G. Holdrich and G.J. Lawson:Hydrometallurgy, 1987, vol. 19, pp. 199–208.
R.H. Stokes and R.A. Robinson:J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1948, vol. 70, p. 1970.
W. Fürst, S. Hachimi, and H. Renon:J. Solution Chem., 1988, vol. 17, pp. 953–65.
K.S. Pitzer:Activity Coefficients in Electrolyte Solutions, R.M. Pytkowicz, ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1979, vol. I, pp. 157–208.
V.E. Mironov:Russ. J. Inorg. Chem., (Engl. Transi.) 1961, vol. 6, p. 205.
G. Haight and J.R. Peterson:Inorg. Chem., 1965, vol. 4, pp. 1073–75.
J. Lozar, L. Schuffenecker, G. Cudey, and J.B. Bourdet:Thermochim. Acta, 1984, vol. 79, pp. 171–86.
A. Seidell and W.F. Linke:Solubilities of Inorganic and Metal Organic Compounds, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1965.
J. Kendall and C.H. Sloan:J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1925, vol. 47, pp. 2306–17.
W. Herz and M. Hellebrandt:Z. Anorg. Allgem. Chem., 1923, vol. 130, pp. 188–98.
G.E.R. Deacon:J. Che. Soc., 1927, vol. 130, pp. 2035–65.
A.A. Noyes:Z. Phys. Chem., 1892, vol. 9, pp. 603–32.
C.L. Von Ende:Z. Anorg. Chem., 1901, vol. 26, p. 148.
L. Wilkerson, N.O. Bathurst, and H.N. Parton:Trans. Faraday Soc., 1937, vol. 33, pp. 623–28.
J.N. Brönsted:Inter. Congr. Appl. Chem., 1909, vol. 10, p. 110.
H.W. Fnot and Levy:Am. Chem. J., 1907, vol. 37, p. 119.
F. Vierling:Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1972, vol. 11, pp. 4096–99.
H.L. Clever and F.J. Johnston:J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1980, vol. 9, pp. 751–84.
F-X. Ball, W. Fürst, and H. Renon:AIChE J., 1985, vol. 31, pp. 392–99.
W. Fürst and H. Renon:I&EC Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev., 1982, vol. 21, pp. 396–400.
D.W. Marquardt:SIAM J., 1963, vol. 11, pp. 431–41.
R.M. Smith and A.E. Martell:Critical Stability Constants, Inorganic Complexes, Plenum Press, New York, NY, 1976, vol. 4.
N. Demassieux:Ann. Chim., 1923, vol. 20, pp. 233–96.
R.A. Robinson and R.H. Stokes:Electrolyte Solutions, Butterworth’s, London, 1970.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mgaidi, A., Fürst, W. & Renon, H. Representation of the solubility of lead chloride in various chloride solutions with Pitzer’s model. Metall Trans B 22, 491–498 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02654287
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02654287