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Virus-free plants of iris ‘wedgwood’ obtained by meristem culture

Virusvrije planten van iris ‘Wedgwood,’ verkregen door middel van meristeemcul tuur

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Abstract

Some commercial varieties of Dutch (bulbous) iris such as ‘Wedgwood’ and ‘Imperator’ are wholly infected with a virus called latent mosaic virus in Israel or iris mosaic virus in the Netherlands. The aim of the investigation was to obtain virus-free plants of these varieties by culture of meristem tips excised from bulbs kept in their vegetative stage by storage at 25.5°C. Several media were used; those based on the medium ofMorel (personal communication) gave the best results. About 100 meristems were placed on each medium and on the best media about 30% started to grow. By transferring slowly growing meristems to the medium ofMurashige & Skoog (1962), growth improved greatly, though root formation remained poor. Twenty meristems developed into plants, of which ten were tested serologically. Eight plants of the variety ‘Wedgwood’ proved to be virus-free.

Samenvatting

Enige variëteiten van de Hollandse (bol-)iris, zoals ‘Wedgwood’ en ‘Imperator’, zijn volledig besmet met irismozaïekvirus. Er werd getracht virusvrije planten te verkrijgen door middel van meristeemcultuur. Hiertoe werden de meristemen uitgeprepareerd van bollen, die in het vegetatieve stadium werden gehouden door bewaring bij 25,5°C. Verscheidene voedingsbodems werden gebruikt, waarvan die gebaseerd op het medium vanMorel (persoonlijke mededeling) de beste resultaten gaven (fig. 1). Per medium werden ongeveer 100 meristemen geïsoleerd. Op de beste media werd circa 30% groei verkregen. Langzaam groeiende meristemen werden overgezet op het medium vanMurashige & Skoog (1962). De groei op deze voedingsbodem was uitstekend, maar de wortelvorming bleef slecht (fig. 2). Twintig meristemen groeiden uit tot planten, waarvan er tien in 1965 en 1966 serologisch zijn getoetst. Hiervan bleken er acht virusvrij te zijn. De viruszieke planten onderscheidden zich van de gezonde planten door een duidelijke vlekkerigheid (fig. 3); in groei onderscheidden de virusvrije zich echter niet van de besmette planten.

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Baruch, E.R., Quak, F. Virus-free plants of iris ‘wedgwood’ obtained by meristem culture. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 72, 270–273 (1966). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02650217

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