Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

An evaluation of the Fe-N phase diagram considering long-range order of N atoms in γ′-Fe4N1-x and ε-Fe2N1-z

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Published:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The chemical potential of nitrogen was described as a function of nitrogen content for the Fe-N phases α-Fe[N], γ′-Fe4N1-x, and ε-Fe2N1-z. For α-Fe[N], an ideal, random distribution of the nitrogen atoms over the octahedral interstices of the bcc iron lattice was assumed; for γ′-Fe4N1-x. and ε-Fe2N1-z, the occurrence of a long-range ordered distribution of the nitrogen atoms over the octahedral interstices of the close packed iron sublattices (fcc and hcp, respectively) was taken into account. The theoretical expressions were fitted to nitrogen-absorption isotherm data for the three Fe-N phases. The α/α+ γ′, α +γ′/γ′, γ′/γ′ + ε, andγ′ + ε/ε phase boundaries in the Fe-N phase diagram were calculated from combining the quantitative descriptions for the absorption isotherms with the known composition of NH3/H2 gas mixtures in equilibrium with coexisting α andγ′ phases and in equilibrium with coexistingγ′ and ε phases. Comparison of the present phase boundaries with experimental data and previously calculated phase boundaries showed a major improvement as compared to the previously calculated Fe-N phase diagrams, where long-range order for the nitrogen atoms in theγ′ and ε phases was not accounted for.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Source Book on Nitriding, ASM, Metals Park, OH, 1977.

  2. K.H. Jack:Proc. R. Soc. London, 1951, vol. A208, pp. 200–15.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. N. DeCristofaro and R. Kaplow:Metall. Trans. A., 1977, vol. 8A, pp. 35–44.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. R. Bril:Z. Krystallogr., 1928, vol. 69, pp. 26–34.

    Google Scholar 

  5. G. Hägg:Nova Acta Reg. Soc. Sci. Upsaliensis, 1929, vol. 7 (1), pp. 6–22.

    Google Scholar 

  6. S.B. Hendricks and P.B. Kosting:Z. Kristallogr., 1930, vol. 74, pp. 511–33.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. K.H. Jack:Proc. R. Soc. London, 1948, vol. A195, pp. 34–55.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. K.H. Jack:Acta Cryst., 1952, vol. 5, pp. 404–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. N. DeCristofaro and R. Kaplow:Metall. Trans. A, 1977, vol. 8A, pp. 425–30.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. P. Rochegude and J. Foct:Phys. Status Solidi A, 1986, vol. 98, pp. 51–62.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. B.J. Kooi, M.A.J. Somers, and E.J. Mittemeijer:Metall. Mater Trans. A, 1994, vol. 25A, pp. 2797–2814.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. B.J. Kooi, M.A.J. Somers, and E.J. Mittemeijer:Metall. Trans. A, 1996, vol. 26A, pp. XXX-XXX.

    Google Scholar 

  13. M.A.J. Somers, B.J. Kooi, L. Maldzinski, E.J. Mittemeijer, A.A. van der Horst, A.M. van der Kraan, and N.M. van der Pers: Delft University of Technology, Delft, unpublished research, 1994.

  14. M. Hillert and M. Jarl:Metall. Trans. A, 1975, vol. 6A, pp. 553–59.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. J. Ågren:Metall. Trans. A, 1979, vol. 10A, pp. 1847–52.

    Google Scholar 

  16. J. Kunze:Steel Res., 1986, vol. 57 (8), pp. 361–67.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. J. Kunze:Nitrogen and Carbon in Iron and Steels;Thermodynamics, Akademie Verlag, Berlin, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  18. K. Frisk:CALPHAD, 1991, vol. 15 (1), pp. 79–106.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. H. Du:J. Phase Equilibria, 1993, vol. 14, pp. 682–93.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. A.F. Guillemet and H. Du:Z. Metallkd., 1994, vol. 85, pp. 154–63.

    Google Scholar 

  21. H.A. Wriedt, N.A. Gokcen, and R.H. Nafziger:Bull. Alloy Phase Diagrams, 1987, vol. 8 (4), pp. 355–77.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. W.S. Gorsky:Z. Phys., 1928, vol. 50, p. 64; W.L. Bragg and E.J. Williams:Proc. R. Soc. London, 1934, vol. A145, p. 699; W.L. Bragg and E.J. Williams:Proc. R. Soc. London, 1935, vol. A151, p. 540; W.L. Bragg and E.J. Williams:Proc. R. Soc. London, 1935, vol. A152, p. 231.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. E. Lehrer:Z. Elektrochem., 1930, vol. 36 (6), pp. 383–92.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Z. Przylecki and L. Maldzinski:Carbides, Nitrides and Borides, Proc. 4th Int. Conf., Politechnika Poznanska, 1987, pp. 153–62.

  25. L. Maldzinski: Ph.D. Thesis, Politechnika Poznanska, Poland, 1989 (in Polish).

    Google Scholar 

  26. P.H. Emmett, S.B. Hendricks, and S. Brunauer:J. Am. Chem. Soc, 1930, vol. 52, pp. 1456–64.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. S. Brunauer, M.E. Jefferson, P.H. Emmett, and S.B. Hendricks:J. Am. Chem. Soc, 1931, vol. 53, pp. 1778–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. N.S. Corney and E.T. Turkdogan:J. Iron Steel Inst., 1955, vol. 180, pp. 344–48.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. A. Burdese:Ann. Chim., 1959, vol. 49, pp. 1873–84.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. H.J. Grabke:Ber. Bunsengesell. Phys. Chem., 1969, vol. 73 (6), pp. 596–601.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. H.A. Wriedt, N.A. Gokcen, and R.H. Nafziger:Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, ASM, Materials Park, OH, 1990, vol. 2, pp. 1728–30.

    Google Scholar 

  32. H.H. Podgurski and F.N. Davis:Acta Metall., 1981, vol. 29, pp. 1–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. L.J. Dijkstra:Trans. AIME, 1949, vol. 185, pp. 252–60.

    Google Scholar 

  34. V.G. Paranjpe, M. Cohen, M.B. Bever, and C.F. Floe:Trans. AIME, 1950, vol. 188, pp. 261–67.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. H.U. Åström:Arkiv Fysik, 1954, vol. 8 (49), pp. 495–502.

    Google Scholar 

  36. A. Burdese:Metall. Ital, 1955, vol. 8, pp. 357–61.

    Google Scholar 

  37. J.D. Fast and M.B. Verrijp:J. Iron Steel Inst, 1955, vol. 180, pp. 337–43.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. R. Rawlings and D. Tambini:J. Iron Steel Inst., 1956, vol. 184, pp. 302–08.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. M. Nacken and J. Rahmann:Arch. Eisenhüttenwes., 1962, vol. 33(2), pp. 131–40.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Y. Imai, T. Masumoto, and M. Sakamoto:Sci. Rep. Res. Inst., Tohoku Univ., Ser. A, 1968, vol. A20 (1), pp. 1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  41. K. Abiko and Y. Imai:Trans. Jpn. Inst. Met., 1977, vol. 18, pp. 113- 24.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. O. Eisenhut and E. Kaupp:Z. Elektrochem., 1930, vol. 36 (6), pp. 392–404.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. E. Lehrer:Z. Elektrochem., 1930, vol. 36 (7), pp. 460–73.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. C. Guillaud and H. Creveaux:Comt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 1946, vol. 222, pp. 1170–72.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. F.K. Naumann and G. Langenscheid:Arch. Eisenhüttenwes., 1965, vol. 36 (9), pp. 677–82.

    Google Scholar 

  46. H.A. Wriedt:Trans. AIME, 1969, vol. 243, pp. 43–46.

    Google Scholar 

  47. M.A.J. Somers and E.J. Mittemeijer:Metall. Trans. A, 1990, vol. 21A, pp. 189–204.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. M.A.J. Somers and E.J. Mittemeijer:Metall. Trans. A, 1990, vol. 21A, pp. 901–12.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. M.A.J. Somers, N.M. van der Pers, D. Schalkoord, and E.J. Mittemeijer:Metall. Trans. A, 1989, vol. 20A, pp. 1533–39.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. A.M. Vredenberg, C.M. Pérez-Martin, J.S. Custer, D.O. Boerma, L.de Wit, F.W. Saris, N.M. van der Pers, Th.H. de Keijser, and E.J. Mittemeijer:J. Mater. Res., 1992, vol. 7 (10), pp. 2689–2712.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. L. de Wit, Th. Weber, J.S. Custer, and F.W. Saris:Phys. Rev. Lett, 1994, vol. 72, pp. 3835–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. H.H. Podgurski and H.E. Knechtel:Trans. AIME, 1969, vol. 245, pp. 1595–1602.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. H.J. Grabke:Ber. Bunsengesell. Phys. Chem., 1968, vol. 72 (4), pp. 533–41. $

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Science Centre, Department of Applied Physics, University of Groningen, NL-9747, AW Groningen, The Netherlands

    Bart J. Kooi (Postdoctoral Student)

  2. Laboratory of Materials Science, Delft University of Technology, NL-2628, AL Delft, The Netherlands

    Marcel A. J. Somers (Assistant Professor) & Eric J. Mittemeijer (Professor)

Authors
  1. Bart J. Kooi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Marcel A. J. Somers
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Eric J. Mittemeijer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

BART J. KOOI, formerly Graduate Student, Laboratory of Materials Science, Delft University of Technology.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kooi, B.J., Somers, M.A.J. & Mittemeijer, E.J. An evaluation of the Fe-N phase diagram considering long-range order of N atoms in γ′-Fe4N1-x and ε-Fe2N1-z . Metall Mater Trans A 27, 1063–1071 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02649775

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02649775

Keywords

Search

Navigation