Abstract
Room temperature tensile and compressive true stress-true strain curves of various high strength steels (quenched and tempered 4340 steel, 410 martensitic stainless steel, and H-11 steel; and aged 300-grade 18 Ni maraging steel) were analyzed to determine the effect of the various microstructures, on what has been termed the strength differential (SD),i.e., the strength level difference between the tensile and compressive flow curves. Care was taken to insure that the compressive deformation was homogeneous. Regardless of the amount of plastic deformation, the quenched and tempered steels exhibited a higher flow stress in homogeneous compressive deformation than for tensile deformation. The extent of the SD was dependent on tempering temperature. This observation is consistent with what others have observed regarding yield strength behavior of quenched and quenched-and-tempered steels. Despite the low carbon content, aged maraging steel also showed a greater resistance to homogeneous compressive deformation. Metallographic examination of the maraging steel revealed the banding that is indicative of segregation. However, homogenization had little effect on the SD despite a change in austenite grain size, reverted austenite content, and the austenite-to-martensite transformational strains shown by Goldberg to be present in segregated material.
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Chait, R. Factors influencing the strength differential of high strength steels. Metall Trans 3, 369–375 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02642040
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02642040