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Alteration in membrane lipid order and composition in metabolically hyperactive fatty rat adipocytes

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Lipids

Abstract

We have previously shown that adipose cells from young genetically obese Zucker rats are characterized by very high metabolic activity together with an increase in a wide range of membrane-mediated functions. The aim of the present study was to examine whether the physical properties of the membranes and the composition of the membrane lipids were altered in these cells. Plasma membranes and two intracellular membrane fractions were prepared by differential ultracentrifugation from inguinal adipose cells of 30-day-old obese (fa/fa) and lean (Fa/fa) littermates. The lipid order as measured by steady-state fluorescence polarization of diphenylhexatriene used as probe was markedly decreased in the plasma membranes of obese rat adipose cells. Consistent with this, the cholesterol-to-phospholipid ratio was significantly decreased, and the degree of unsaturation of the phospholipid fatty acids was significantly increased. In intracellular membranes, none of these parameters were altered by the different genotype. In fat cells from obese rats, both plasma and intracellular membranes exhibited a 2-fold decrease in the ratios of n−6/n−3 fatty acids mainly due to an enrichment in docosahexaenoic acid (22∶6n−3). The data show that the fatty genotype is a determinant of membrane lipid order and composition in adipose cells. The alterations reported here for young obese Zucker rat adipocytes might be related to the metabolic hyperactivity of these cells.

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Abbreviations

DBI:

double bond index

DPH:

1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene

HDM:

high density microsomes

LDM:

low density microsomes

PC:

phosphatidylcholine

PE:

phosphatidylethanolamine

PI:

phosphatidylinositol

PS:

phosphatidylserine

SPH:

sphingomyelin

Tris:

tris(hydroxymethyl)aminoethane

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Nutrition et Sécurité Alimentaire, INRA, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France

    Phillipe Guesnet & Georges Durand

  2. Institut biomèdical des Cordeliers, INSERM U 177, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Mèdecine, 75006, Paris, France

    Michèle Guerre-Millo, Colette Guichard & Marcelle Lavau

Authors
  1. Michèle Guerre-Millo
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  2. Phillipe Guesnet
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  3. Colette Guichard
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  4. Georges Durand
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  5. Marcelle Lavau
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Guerre-Millo, M., Guesnet, P., Guichard, C. et al. Alteration in membrane lipid order and composition in metabolically hyperactive fatty rat adipocytes. Lipids 29, 205–209 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02536730

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02536730

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