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Effect of magnesium deficiency on Δ6 desaturase activity and fatty acid composition of rat liver microsomes

  • Published:
Lipids

Abstract

Experimental Mg2+ deficiency was induced in a group of rats by feeding them a Mg2+-deficient diet for 23 days. They were pair-fed to compare with a control group of rats fed a Mg2+-sufficient diet. In the Mg2+-deficient group the plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were increased while HDL-cholesterol was decreased. In the Mg2+-deficient group the plasma level of thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) used as a measure for lipid peroxidation was increased. The increase was attributed to the increased cytosolic Ca2+ in Mg2+-deficiency which can cause: 1) increase of hydro and endoperoxide levels as a consequence of the increase of arachidonic acid release and eicosanoid synthesis in Mg2+-deficiency, and 2) inhibition of the mitochondrial respiratory activity and activation of Ca2+-dependent proteases which may activate the conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase which generates active O2 species. In the Mg2+-deficient group, the fatty acid composition of the liver microsomes indicated a slower rate of conversion of linoleic acid to arachidonic acid which was consistent with the decrease of Δ6 desaturase activity in liver microsomes of Mg2+-deficient rats as measuredin vitro. The decrease of Δ6 desaturase activity was attributed to the lower concentration of actual enzyme molecules as a result of the decreased rate of protein synthesis in Mg2+-deficiency. The possible effects of the increased catecholamine release in Mg2+-deficiency are discussed.

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Abbreviations

ATP:

adenosine triphosphate

COA:

coenzyme A

FFA:

free fatty acid

HDL:

high density lipoprotein

HCl:

hydrochloric acid

LCAT:

lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity

LDL:

low density lipoprotein

MDA:

malondialdehyde

NADH:

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

TBARS:

thiobarbituric acid reacting substances

TBA:

thiobarbituric acid

VLDL:

very low density protein

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Burnsides Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, 1208 W. Pennsylvania Ave., 61801, Urbana, Illinois

    M. M. Mahfouz & F. A. Kummerow

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  1. M. M. Mahfouz
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  2. F. A. Kummerow
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Mahfouz, M.M., Kummerow, F.A. Effect of magnesium deficiency on Δ6 desaturase activity and fatty acid composition of rat liver microsomes. Lipids 24, 727–732 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02535212

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02535212

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