Mathematical models of nonuniform intrapulmonary gas distribution

Summary

Mathematical models of nonuniform gas distribution in the lungs which assume a two-chambered lung to be ventilated through a third chamber, i.e. a common dead space, have led to diverging results. A breath-by-breath analysis of such a system results in a two-exponential solution whereas a continuous ventilation analysis gives a three-exponential solution. This is caused by the different assumptions made in the two models about the composition of dead space gas. In the breath-by-breath analysis one assumes that theN ₂ content of the dead space is zero at the end of inspiration. In the continuous ventilation model one assumes that theN ₂ content in the dead space is unknown at all instants during the breathing cycle.

No physical significance should be attached to any chamber in this type of analysis. The continuous ventilation model provides a more general solution than the cyclical ventilation model, because the former treats the common dead spaces as an independent unknown.