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Progress report on the continent ileostomy

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Abstract

In this paper, our 11 years of experience with the continent ileostomy is reported. Follow-up was conducted in 280 patients with a continent ileostomy, and the results were analyzed. There was a 2.5% operative mortality rate overall, but in the last 118 consecutive patients, no operative deaths occurred. The incidence of early postoperative complications was 17% overall, and 27% in the group of patients with Crohn's disease. After modification of the operative technique, the incidence of spontaneous nipple valve desinvagination has decreased and the incidence of revisional surgery because of malfunction of the nipple valve has been reduced from 54% to 32%. Thirteen reservoirs have been removed, 5 inpatients with ulcerative colitis (2%) and 8 in patients with Crohn's disease (16%). Recurrence of Crohn's disease has occurred in 17 of 49 patients. The recurrences were confined to the ileal segment proximal to the reservoir in 6 patients, to the reservoir only in 5 patients, and to both the reservoir and the distal ileum in 6 patients. In 14 of these patients, surgical removal of diseased gut has been performed. There were 257 patients left for evaluation of the functional results. Of 29 patients from the early series without a nipple valve, 25 never used ileostomy appliances. Of 228 patients with a nipple valve, 221 (97%) were continent. The continent ileostomy procedure previously has been afflicted with high early and late complication rates. With growing experience and the introduction of methodologic modifications, the incidence of complications has been markedly reduced and, in most patients, complete continence has been achieved.

Résumé

Nous avons suivi 280 malades opérés, en 11 années, d'iléostomie continente. La mortalité globale est de 2.5% mais il n'y a eu aucun décès parmi les 118 derniers opérés. La fréquence totale des complications postopératoires précoces est de 17%; elle est de 27% pour les cas de maladie de Crohn. Après modification de la technique opératoire, la fréquence des désinvaginations spontanées de la valve a été réduite et l'incidence des réinterventions pour malfonction de cette valve est passée de 54 à 32%. Le réservoir a dû être enlevé dans 13 cas, 5 colites ulcéreuses (2%) et 8 maladies de Crohn (16%). Sur 49 cas de Crohn, 17 récidives ont été observées: elles étaient limitées à l'iléon en amont du réservoir dans 6 cas, au réservoir lui-même dans 5 cas; dans 6 cas, le réservoir et l'iléon distal étaient tous deux atteints; chez 14 de ces patients, le grêle lésé a été réséqué. Les résultats fonctionnels ont pu être étudiés chez chez 257 malades. Sur 29 cas de la première série, sans valve, 25 n'utilisent jamais de prothèse pour l'iléostomie. Sur 228 opérés avec valve, 221 (97%) sont continents. L'iléostomie continente entraînait, au début, un nombre élevé de complications précoces et tardives. L'expérience acquise et les modifications de technique en ont fortement réduit la fréquence et, chez la majorité des opérés, la continence est obtenue.

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Kock, N.G., Myrvold, H.E. & Nilsson, L.O. Progress report on the continent ileostomy. World J. Surg. 4, 143–147 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02393560

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