Abstract
Several cultural techniques were tested for establishment of nitrogen fixing soybeans on heavy-clay, acid sulfate soils of different fertility at two locations. Holes of 2.5 cm deep were made by inserting a pointed pole into the surface soil. Soybean seeds were dropped into the holes and covered with either (i) Rhizobium inoculant, molybdenum (0.5 kg Mo/ha) and ash from burned rice husks (0.2 t/ha) or (ii) Rhizobium inoculant, molybdenum and local soil instead of the ash. Additional treatments evaluated were the use or absence of tillage and the presence or absence of a rice straw mulch (5 t/ha). Soybean plants treated with ash had the highest number of nodules per plant. The combination of mulching and ash treatments produced the highest soybean grain yields. Without ash all treatments produced low grain yields. Tillage had no effect.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adams F 1978 Liming and fertilization of Utisols and Oxisols.In Mineral Nutrition of Legumes in Tropical and Subtropical Soils. Eds C S Andrew and E J Kamprath. pp 377–394. CSIRO, Australia.
Franco A A and Munns D N 1982 Acidity and aluminum restraints on nodulation, nitrogen fixation, and growth ofPhaseolus vulgaris in solution culture. Soil. Sci. Soc. Am. J. 46, 296–301.
Holding A J and Lowe J F 1971 Some effects of acidity and heavy metals on the Rhizobiumleguminous plant association.In Biological Nitrogen-Fixation in Natural Agricultural Habitats. Eds. T A Lie and E G Mulder, pp 153–166. Plant and Soil Special Volume.
Keyser H H and Munns D N 1979 Effect of calcium, manganese and aluminum on growth of rhizobia in acid media. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 43, 519–523.
Keyser H H and Munns D N 1979 Tolerance of rhizobia to acidity, aluminum, and phosphate. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 43, 519–523.
Keyser H H, Munns D H and Hohneberg J S 1979 Acid tolerance of rhizobia in culture and in symbiosis with cowpea. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 43, 719–722.
Lie T A 1974 Environmental effects on nodulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation.In The Biology of Nitrogen Fixation. Ed. A. Quispel. pp 555–582. North Holland Publisher, Amsterdam.
Lowendorf H S 1980 Factors affecting survival of Rhizobium in soil. pp 87–124.In Advances in Microbial Ecology, Vol. 4, Ed. M. Alexander. Plenum Press, New York.
Lowendorf H S, Baya A M and Alexander M 1981 Survival of Rhizobium in acid soils. Appl. Environ Microbiol 43. 951–957.
Lowendorf H S and Alexander M 1982 Identification ofRhizobium phaseoli strains that are tolerant or sensitive to soil acidity, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 45, 737–742.
Munns D N 1976 Soil acidity and related factors.In Exploiting the Legume-Rhizobium Symbiosis in Tropical Agriculture. Eds. J M Vincent, A S Whitney and J Bose. Proceedings of workshop held at Kahului, Maui, Hawaii, August 23–28, 1976, pp. 211–229. University of Hawaii, NifTAL Project, University of Hawaii.
Munns D N 1978 Soil acidity and nodulation.In Mineral Nutrition of Legumes in Soils of the Tropics and Subtropics. Eds C S Andrew and E J Kamprath. pp 247–264. C.S.I.R.O., Melbourne.
Munns D N and Franco A A 1981 Soil constraints to legume production.In Biological Nitrogen Fixation Technology for Tropical Agriculture. Eds. P H Graham and S C Harris. pp 133–152. Centro International de Agricultura Tropical, Cali, Colombia.
Munns D N and Keyser H H 1981 Reponse of Rhizobium strains to acid and aluminum stress. Soil Biol. Biochem. 13, 115–118.
Munns D N, Hohneberg J S, Righetti T L and Lauter D J 1981 Soil acidity tolerance of symbiotic and nitrogen-fertilized soybeans. Agron. J. 73, 407–410.
Uehara G 1977 An overview of the soils of the arable tropics.In Exploiting the Legume-Rhizobium Symbiosis in Tropical Agriculture. Eds. J M Vincent, A S Whitney and J Bose. pp 67–80. Proceedings of a workshop held at Kahului, Maui, Hawaii, August 23–28, 1976. NifTAL project, University of Hawaii.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Duong, T.P., Diep, C.N. An inexpensive cultural system using ash for cultivation of soybean (Glycine max (L.) merrill) on acid clay soils. Plant Soil 96, 225–237 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02374767
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02374767