Abstract
A fruit trap was developed for detection and collection of the opiine parasitoids of the oriental fruit fly,Bactrocera (=Dacus)dorsalis (Hendel). Gravid females ofBiosteres arisanus (Sonan), an egg-larval parasitoid, orDiachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) andPsytallia incisi (Silvestri), both larval parasitoids, were lured to parasitize the eggs or larvae ofB. dorsalis inoculated in ripe papaya fruits,Carica papaya L. Progenies ofB. arisanus were consistently recovered from papaya fruits inoculated withB. dorsalis eggs (subsequently referred to as egg fruit traps). Except in Moloaa on Kauai (6%), higher percentage ofB. dorsalis parasitization (range=38–43%) was recorded in Hilo, island of Hawaii and Waimanalo and Poamoho, island of Oahu. Progenies ofD. longicaudata and a fewP. incisi were recovered from papaya fruits artificially infested withB. dorsalis larvae (subsequently referred to as larval fruit traps). The recovery of parasitoid progenies from larval fruit traps suspended from papaya trees did not differ significantly from larval fruit traps placed on the ground. In both methods of trap placement, percent parasitization ofB. dorsalis byD. longicaudata (predominant species) ranged from 58–60%. On the other hand, significantly moreB. arisanus thanD. longicaudata andP. incisi adults (larval parasitoids) were recovered from fully ripened to highly deteriorated papaya fruits collected from papaya trees or ground (fallen fruits).
Résumé
Un fruit-piège a été utilisé pour la surveillance, la récolte et l'inventaire de parasitoïdes Opiines de la mouche des fruits,Bactrocera (=Dacus)dorsalis (Hendel). Les femelles prêtes à pondre deBiosteres arisanus (Sonan), parasitoïde ovo-larvaire, ou deDiachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) etPsytallia incisi (Silvestri), tous deux parasitoïdes larvaires, ont été attirées artificiellement pour parasiter des oeufs ou des larves deB. dorsalis introduits dans des fruits mûrs de papaye,Carica papaya L. La descendance deB. arisanus était régulièrement récoltée dans les fruits de papaye dans lesquels avaient été placés des œufs deB. dorsalis. Le taux de parasitisme le plus élevé deB. dorsalis (de 38 à 43%) a été enregistré à Hilo sur l'île de Hawaii et à Waimanalo et Poamoho, sur l'île de Oahu tandis qu'il n'était que de 6% à Moloaa, sur l'île de Kauai. La descendance deD. longicaudata et une faible partie de celle deP. incisi ont été récoltées sur des papayes artificiellement infestées par des larves deB. dorsalis. Le nombre de parasitoïdes récoltés à partir de fruits-pièges contenant des larves et suspendus aux branches de papayer ne diffère pas significativement du nombre obtenu à partir de ce même type de piège placé sur le sol. Dans les deux cas, le taux de parasitisme deB. dorsalis parD. longicaudata (espèce dominante) était de 58 à 60%. Par contre, un nombre significativement plus élevé d'adultes deB. arisanus que deD. longicaudata et deP. incisi (parasitoïdes larvaires) étaient récoltés dans les papayes bien mûres ou même déjà pourries provenant de l'arbre ou tombées sur le sol.
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Harris, E.J., Bautista, R.C. Fruit trap: A detection and collection tool for opiine parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae) of the oriental fruit fly,Bactrocera dorsalis (Dipt.: Tephritidae) . Entomophaga 39, 341–349 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02373039
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02373039