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Population dynamics of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in mango orchards in the southeastern mango enclave of Ghana

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Abstract

Population dynamics of fruit fly species was studied in the southeastern mango enclave of Ghana. A year-long trapping of fruit flies was undertaken in three  mango orchards. Five traps each, baited with methyl eugenol (ME), cuelure (CL), terpinyl acetate (TA), torula yeast (TY) or trimedlure (TML), were placed in the three orchards. A total of 172,617 fruit flies were captured and collected from the traps. The fly densities were 143.10, 10.19, 4.03, 0.26 and 0.03 per trap per day for ME-, TY-, CL-, TA-, and TML-baited traps respectively. Ten fruit fly species namely Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Ceratitis cosyra (Walker), C. capitata (Wiedemann), C. penicillata (Bigot), Dacus bivittatus (Bigot), D. punctatifrons Karsch, D. langi Curran, D. longistylus Wiedemann, D. ciliatus Loew and Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) were captured in the orchards. Dacus langi and D. longistylus were for the first time captured and identified in Ghana. The population of B. dorsalis and Z. cucurbitae fluctuated from April to July with that of B. dorsalis peaking in April, May and June. The periods of the peak population of B. dorsalis coincided with the major mango-fruiting season in the southeastern mango enclave. Knowledge of the seasonal variation in the population of the fruit flies could be harnessed for effective management of the major fruit fly pests in the study area. Particularly, interventions aimed at managing B. dorsalis, a major insect pest in the enclave, could be executed from April to July when this insect is most abundant.

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Acknowledgements

Authors are grateful to De Meyer for volunteering information on Dacus langi and D. longistylus. The authors are equally grateful to Mr. Joseph Okley (Modestep Farm), Mr. Simon Kwao (Enyonam farm) and Mr. Ellis Ekow (Power of Trinity farm) for granting them access to their mango orchards for this study. Authors are also grateful to the technicians at the Radiation Entomology and Pest Management Center and the Soil and Environmental Science Research Center of the Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute for their assistance in data collection during this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute, P. Box LG 80 Legon, Accra, Ghana

    Enoch Selorm Kofi Ofori & Michael Yao Osae

  2. Department of Conservation Biology and Entomology, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana

    Enoch Selorm Kofi Ofori, Peter Kofi Kwapong & John Abraham

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  1. Enoch Selorm Kofi Ofori
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ESKO: Conceptualization; Data curation; Investigation; Methodology; Formal analysis; Validation; Writing – Original Draft; Writing – review & editing. MYO: Conceptualization; Supervision; Resources; Validation; Writing – review & editing. PKK: Supervision; Writing – review & editing. JA: Supervision; Data curation; Writing – Original Draft: Writing – review & editing.

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Ofori, E.S.K., Osae, M.Y., Kwapong, P.K. et al. Population dynamics of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in mango orchards in the southeastern mango enclave of Ghana. Int J Trop Insect Sci 43, 2201–2213 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-023-01116-1

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