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Analysis of variations of handling-time inTrichogramma maidis

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Abstract

Variation in handling-time is studied in the association betweenTrichogramma maidis Pintureau & Vœgelé [Hym.: Trichogrammatidae] and one of its factitious hosts: the eggs of the Mediterranean flour mothEphestia kuehniella Zeller [Lep.: Pyralidae]. It is shown that the duration of egg laying behaviour decreases exponentially from the first host egg encountered onwards. This decreasing kinetic, which corresponds to a learning ability, shows a high variability between females, but a mother-daughter regression analysis fails to demonstrate any genetic transmissibility of this learning ability over 2 successive generations. Once the learning is over, there remains a residual variability which is, in part, under genetic control. The possible consequences of these results on the stability of host-parasite associations are discussed.

Résumé

Une analyse de différentes sources de variation de la durée du comportement de ponte deTrichogramma maidis [Hym.: Trichogrammatidae] sur un de ses hôtes de substitution: les œufs de la pyrale de la farineEphestia kuehniella [Lep.: Pyralidae] est abordée ici.

L'approche expérimentale, fondée sur le chronométrage de différentes phases du comportement étudié, a pu mettre en évidence, grâce à l'utilisation de procédures statistiques multivariées, l'existence d'une capacité d'apprentissage des femelles de Trichogrammes inexpérimentées (femelles n'ayant jamais rencontré d'œufs hôtes avant l'expérimentation). Cet apprentissage se traduit par une diminution exponentielle du temps moyen de ponte entre les premiers hôtes infestés et les suivants. La cinétique d'apprentissage obtenue présente elle-même une variabilité individuelle qui ne semble pas s'expliquer par un déterminisme génétique.

Une fois cet apprentissage terminé, il reste une variabilité résiduelle de la durée moyenne de la ponte. Une analyse par régression mères/filles a pu montrer que celle-ci reposait, pour partie, sur un déterminisme génétique.

Les conséquences possibles de ces résultats sur le fonctionnement des associations parasitaires sont discutées.

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  1. Station de Zoologie et de Lutte Biologique, I.N.R.A., 37, bd du Cap., 06602, Antibes Cedex, France

    E. Wajnberg

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Wajnberg, E. Analysis of variations of handling-time inTrichogramma maidis . Entomophaga 34, 397–407 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372479

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372479

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