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Observations on the biology and behaviour of the predaceous miteTyphlodromus italicus [Acarina: Phytoseiidae] in peach orchards

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Abstract

The results of investigations onTyphlodromus italicus Chant in some peach orchards in the Verona district, where the predator is wide-spread, are described.

Both field and laboratory studies have shown thatT. italicus grows rapidly (egg to adult 6 days at 25°C.) and has a long reproductive period, especially when prey is available. It speedily recovers in number and has a high prey-searching capacity. It is fast-moving, and its distribution over the tree corresponds to that of the phytophagous mites. It can live and reproduce on the tree in the absence of prey. A density of 50–60T. italicus/100 leaves is reached in August.

FemaleT. italicus are found on leaves till November feeding whenever prey is available, and wintering in a mated condition in bark crevices. Many enter diapause in late autumn. Overwinter mortality is high.

These characteristics enableT. italicus to play a very significant role in the control of peach mites and in orchards, which are unsprayed, it keeps their populations at a low density from spring to autumn.

Résumé

Les études en laboratoire et en verger ont montré queTyphlodromus italicus se développe en 6 jours de l'œuf à l'adulte à 25°C. II a une longue période de reproduction surtout si des proies sont disponibles, il se multiplie rapidement, a une excellente capacité de recherche des proies et sa distribution dans l'arbre correspond à celle des acariens phytophages. Il peut vivre et se reproduire dans les arbres en l'absence de proies. En août on observe une densité de 50 à 60T. italicus pour 100 feuilles. Des femelles deT. italicus sont rencontrées sur les feuilles jusqu'en novembre, elles s'alimentent chaque fois qu'une proie se présente et hivernent à l'état mûr dans les crevasses des écorces. Beaucoup d'entre elles entrent en diapause à la fin de l'automne. Il y a une forte mortalité hivernale. Ces caractéristiques permettent àT. italicus de jouer un rôle très significatif dans la lutte contre les acariens du pêcher: dans les vergers non traités il maintient leurs populations à de faibles densités du printemps à l'automme.

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Studies of the Working Group of the C.N.R. on the integrated control against animal enemies of plants: n.CVIII.

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Ivancich-Gambaro, P. Observations on the biology and behaviour of the predaceous miteTyphlodromus italicus [Acarina: Phytoseiidae] in peach orchards. Entomophaga 20, 171–177 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02371657

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